1 Level 1 June, 2006

2 Today Walk around the pool deck The Officials Up the Ladder Marshal Safety Marshal Role of the Timer The Card Meet Sequence Split Time End of the Race Times and Timings Recording Times Relay Takeovers Head Lane Timer Questionnaire – 15 minutes Review (answers)

3 Number of lanes (6 – 8) 25m or 50m Plan of Pool Deck

4 Backstroke (warning) flags Plan of Pool Deck

5 False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Plan of Pool Deck

6 Officials - Expectations Dress Code White clothing (long pants) or, Matching shirts if provided by Meet management Comfortable, rubber soled shoes Expect to get wet Arrival Time Officials lounge or area 45 minutes prior to the start of the Meet sign in (and stay in the area) Time requested by the Meet Manager

7 Officials - Ethics Have a positive attitude Accept an assignment to officiate only if you intend to honor the commitment Accept the assignment you’ve been given Don’t leave your post Complete the session Be impartial (cheering really shouldn’t be done) Be unobtrusive and inconspicuous A referee’s decision is final (please don’t take offence) Remain cool and professional at all times Be fair to all Keep seated as much as possible Be friendly (but don’t distract swimmers mentally preparing for race) Know the rules thoroughly

8 Meet the Officials The Referee False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags

9 The Starter Referee False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Meet the Officials

10 The Chief Timer Referee Starter False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Meet the Officials

11 Referee Starter Chief Timer The Assistant Chief Timer False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Meet the Officials

12 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Meet the Officials

13 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Timers are always located on the deck at the Finish end of a pool. Meet the Officials

14 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags The Judge of Stroke Meet the Officials

15 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turns Judges Judge of Stroke Meet the Officials Head Lane Timers

16 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turns Judges Judge of Stroke However … Meet the Officials

17 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turns Judges Meet the Officials Judge of Stroke

18 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course (Marshall’s Table) Meet the Officials

19 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Meet the Officials Marshall

20 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Meet the Officials Marshall

21 Referee Starter Chief Timer Recorder/Scorer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Recorder/Scorer Assistant Chief Timer Meet the Officials Marshall

22 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Approximately 30 officials on deck to run a meet. Recorder/Scorer Meet the Officials Marshall

23 Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Recorder/Scorer Runners Food Preparation Marshal Safety Marshal Meet Manager Meet the Officials Marshall

24 Up the Ladder Level I Level II Level III Level IV Level V

25 Level I Attendance and successful completion of this clinic 2 satisfactory deck evaluations Level I

26 Level II Certified Level I Completion of clinics and 2 deck evaluations in any 2 positions except Referee Clerk of Course Chief Timekeeper Chief Finish Judge Chief Judge Electronics Recorder Scorer Stroke & Turn Judge and Head Lane Timer (2 signatures) Starter Meet Manager Level II

27 Level III Certified Level II Completion of all clinics and 2 deck evaluations in any 4 remaining positions (one must be Stroke & Turn Judge) Referee can not be used until level lll has been attained Conduct a Level I clinic Level III

28 Up the Ladder Level I Level II Level III Level IV Level V Levels IV and V require, additional clinics intensive evaluation National Meet experience And much more.

29 Safety Marshal Typically wears a bright coloured safety vest or similar clothing Specifically this is from the start of warm-up to when the pool is cleared in anticipation of the start of meet. Ensure that all warm-up procedures are followed Diving starts shall not be made during two-way swimming unless specified lanes are designated (then only one-way swimming) Signs available indicating lane use Responsible to the Referee for all aspects of safety related to the conduct of the warm up

30 Safety Marshal Receive briefing from Meet Manager and/or Referee Lane designation/deck assignment Time of diving starts Announcements Responsible to the Referee for all aspects of safety related to the conduct of the warm up.

31 Safety Marshal Warm up procedure Minimum 30 minutes Entry is feet first (no dives or cannonballs) 30 minutes to end Outside lanes are sprint lanes (one way only) and supervised by coach Lanes 2/7 may be used as backstroke lanes Only appropriate equipment (flutterboard, pull- buoy) is used Responsible to the Referee for all aspects of safety related to the conduct of the competition.

32 Safety Marshal Authority includes the ability to, Inform the swimmer of a breach of the safety rules Remove the swimmer from warm-up and escort to the coach Inform the Referee of safety violations (it is only under the Referee’s authority that a swimmer may be excluded from the meet) Responsible to the Referee for all aspects of safety related to the conduct of the competition from start of warm-up to start of meet.

33 Timer - Importance Every official at a meet is a volunteer Great number of details Large number of people (50 people) Everyone is waiting for your actions Your attitude toward the assignment will dictate your performance

34 Timer - Responsibilities Ensure that the swimmer’s name, lane, heat number, etc. is correct (Head Lane Timer). If incorrect you should inform the Chief Timekeeper Watch starts – start watch at the flash of the gun or strobe Accurate finish times Accurate recording of times Preliminaries and Finals

35 Timer - Equipment Watches will be provided (or you can bring your own) Secure the lanyard around your neck Make sure watch display is working Test it! Start, stop, splits … clearing. Heat Sheets/Lane Sheets (used in card less meets) Time Cards

36 The Card Event Distance Stroke Age

37 The Card Name

38 The Card All the Relay Names (in the order of appearance)

39 Cardless Meets – Lane Sheet Event 2050 FreeMale10/under Lane 3Heat 1Joe Blow Lane 3Heat 2Sam Cly Lane 3Heat 3Tom Pitt Event 2150 FlyFemale10/under Lane 3Heat 1Joy Gray Lane 3Heat 2Barb Wire Lane 3Heat 3Sara Flynn Lane 3Heat 4Polly Teck

40 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Swimmers are called to the Marshall’s Table by Event. Marshall

41 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Sorted by Heat they are sent to the Marshalling area to await instructions to move to the starting blocks Marshall

42 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Marshall’s will move the swimmers behind the blocks as they come within 1 or 2 heats. Marshall

43 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Swimmers will present themselves to the Head Lane Timer. Marshall

44 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Start your watch with, The flash of the gun or strobe light Whether the lane is occupied or not Then the race will start. Marshall

45 The Start Swimmers should report before the race is under the Starter’s orders (ideally 1-2 heats in advance). If a swimmer appears after the Starter has taken control ask them to wait then inform the Chief Timekeeper who will inform the referee. Position yourself so that you can clearly see the flash Ensure the time on the watch is clear Hold the watch firmly and motionless Use index finger Watch the flash … gun/strobe

46 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Ooops! If your watch fails to start, Raise hand and report to the Chief Timekeeper Marshall

47 How it works. Referee Starter Chief Timer Assistant Chief Timer { { { { { { Timers False Start Rope Backstroke Flags Backstroke Flags Turn Judges Clerk of Course Marshalling Area Chief Finish Judge Ooops! If your watch fails to stop, If not available record NT (No Time) for your watch Marshall

48 Split Times Splits are the times achieved every time the swimmer touches at the start end (Turn end when requested). The time is taken by 1 timer and recorded by another.

49 Recording Split Times :30.34 Recorded every 50m on short course and 100m on long course

50 Best Seat in the House At the finish of the race, Lean right over the finish edge of the pool and look straight down over your lane. Stop the watch when, Swimmer’s hand touches the wall Any part of the body touches the wall Any part of the body passes through the wall’s vertical plane Swimmer contacts the touch pad Do not concern yourself with stroke rules and regulations If swimmer does not finish the required distance write DNF (Did Not Finish) on the time card. Clear your watch when, The referee blows the first long whistle, signaling the swimmers to the block Instructed by the Chief Timekeeper

51 Semi Automatic Officiating Equipment At some meets plungers (semi automatic equipment) are used as part of the timing system This equipment records the elapse time of each swimmer and determines the relative place in a race The plunger is activated by the Starter and stopped by the timer using the index finger to press the button on the plunger at the completion of the race

52 What’s my time??? Swimmer requests a time from you. Remain focused Stay polite Decline (cleared watch, don’t remember …) Because … you do not have an official time

53 Times and Timing If you see the swimmer is going to be disqualified. Record your times anyway (mistakes happen). Please don’t interfere or offer comment to the Strokes and Turns Judges or swimmer.

54 Times and Timing Convention for time is, 2:10.35 ColonPeriod MinutesSecondsHundreds-seconds

55 Times and Timing Which is the official time? It is the intermediate time (not average) which will be awarded to the swimmer. 2: : :09.86 Final time is 2:09.86 Or if the times from two watches are identical. 1: : :11.65 Final time is 1:11.65

56 Times and Timing So what if only two watches are being used? It’s the average of the two, rounded to the slower hundredth. 2: :10.46 Awarded time is 2:10.41 The Chief Timekeeper’s time may be included on the card for your lane only when there are fewer than three good times. 4:20.81

57 Recording Times Make sure you are recording in the right spot.

58 Recording Times Put all the timer’s initials in the correct rows. EM GP AC

59 Recording Times 1 The associated times are written next to these. EM GP AC

60 Recording Times 1 No need to write final time or any other information. EM GP AC

61 Recording Times 1 The only time you will be asked to calculated an Official Time is, after you are instructed by the Chief Timekeeper and, electronics are not being used (manual watches are the primary system. EM GP AC

62 Judging Relay Takeovers Duties include, Observing the ‘touch-out’ and ‘take-off’ of the relay team in your lane Identifying unfair ‘touch-outs’ and ‘take-offs’ of the relay team in your lane Disqualify after consultation with the Referee/Chief Timekeeper Follow prescribed channels for disqualifications Do not touch the swimmers

63 Judging Relay Takeovers What is fair? The swimmer on the blocks may be in motion, beginning the dive, but must remain in contact with the blocks until the approaching swimmer touches the wall.

64 Head Lane Timer If appointed Head Lane Timer your duties will include, Making sure the correct swimmer is in your lane. Making sure the times, including splits are recorded correctly If using electronics, identifying light touches to the Chief Finish Judge (comment on the card) Ensure the swimmer has completed the required lengths of the pool Acting as the Relay-take-over judge (if appointed) Ring bell in long distance races

65 Head Lane Timer Ringing the bell, Bell is rung to indicate the last turn at timer’s end of the pool Bell is to be rung over the right hand lane rope Begin ringing at the backstroke flags, continue through the turn and until the swimmers returns to the backstroke flags

66 Timekeeper (Level 1) Questionnaire 15 minutes. Walk around the pool deck The Officials Up the Ladder Marshal Safety Marshal Role of the Timer The Card Meet Sequence Split Time End of the Race Times and Timings Recording Times Relay Takeovers Head Lane Timer Questions before we begin?

67 Level 1 - Questionnaire 1. The correct dress for Officials is: a.Their own club T-shirts; b.Matching shirts, if provided by meet management; c.All white clothing; d.Shorts or tennis skirt;

68 Level 1 - Questionnaire 2. Before a meet, you should report to the designated officials’ area: a.In time for the first race; b.At the time requested by the meet manager; c.Two hours before the start of the meet; d.45 minutes before the start of the meet unless otherwise instructed.

69 Level 1 - Questionnaire 3. After signing out your manual digital watch, you should: a.Secure the lanyard around your neck; b.Make sure the batteries are charged and the video display works; c.Test operational features (start, stop, split etc.); d.Place the watch in your pocket or purse.

70 Level 1 - Questionnaire 4. Ideally, as a timer you should be stationed: a.On the deck at the finish end of your assigned lane; b.One the side deck, midway along the pool; c.In the bleachers, at the finish end of the pool.

71 Level 1 - Questionnaire 5. If a swimmer reports to your lane after the heat is under Starter’s orders, you should: a.Wait until the race has started and then inform the referee through the Chief Timekeeper b.Wave your hand and shout to get the Starter’s attention; c.Put the swimmer into the next available empty lane; d.Direct the swimmer to wait and not interrupt the start.

72 Level 1 - Questionnaire 6. As soon as you become aware that you have a swimmer in your lane with an incorrect time card (wrong name, lane, heat etc.), you should: a.Inform the Chief Timekeeper; b.Adjust the time card; c.Do nothing; d.Inform the Chief Finish Judge.

73 Level 1 - Questionnaire 7. At the commencement of the race, you should start your watch: a.At the sound of the gun; b.At the flash of the gun; c.When the swimmer leaves the block; d.At the sound of the horn; e.At the flash of the strobe light on the automatic system; f.Whether your lane is occupied or not.

74 Level 1 - Questionnaire 8. When starting or stopping a manual digital watch, you should: a.Swing it in an arc; b.Snap your wrist as you depress the button; c.Hold it firmly and motionless; d.Use the same finger to start and stop it.

75 Level 1 - Questionnaire 9. If you missed a start, or your watch malfunctions during a race or you failed to get a finish time, you should: a.Report to the Chief Timekeeper; b.Record the same time as another timer in your lane; c.Record NO TIME (NT) for your watch; d.Record an estimated time; e.Record the time on the automatic system score board.

76 Level 1 - Questionnaire 10. For the finish of a race, you should position yourself: a.Looking down over your lane, at the finish end of the pool; b.With your foot on top of the touch pad; c.Seated behind the starting block of your assigned lane.

77 Level 1 - Questionnaire 11. When the required distance has been completed, you should stop your watch when: a.The swimmer’s hand touches the end wall of the pool; b.Any part of the swimmer’s body touches the end wall; c.Any part of the swimmer’s body passes through the vertical plane of the end wall; d.The swimmer makes contact with the touch- pad; e.The swimmer touches with one hand on the breast stroke.

78 Level 1 - Questionnaire 12. If the swimmer in your lane does not finish the required distance, you should: a.Report DID NOT FINISH (DNF) on the time card; b.Record what time the swimmer left the water; c.Record what time the swimmer stopped swimming.

79 Level 1 - Questionnaire 13. If your manual digital watch reads two minutes, ten seconds and one-one hundredth, the correct time to record on the time card is: a.2:10.01 b.2:10.0 c.2:10

80 Level 1 - Questionnaire 14. Rewrite the following times in the correct numerical form: a.One minute, two and ten one-hundredths seconds; b.Four minutes thirty-six hundredths of a second; c.Two minutes and one second; d.Thirty four point two-five seconds; e.One minute, fifteen and forty-three hundredths of a second. 1: : : :15.43

81 Level 1 - Questionnaire 15. If the swimmer in your lane is disqualified for any reason, you should: a.Record their finish times on the time card anyway; b.Tell the swimmer his finish time but not record the times on the card; c.Record the time when the disqualification took place.

82 Level 1 - Questionnaire 16. The lower left-hand portion of the card should be used for: a.Preliminary heats; b.Time final heats; c.Finals; d.Split times.

83 Level 1 - Questionnaire 17. When three watches are being used on one lane, the official time is: a.The average time of all three watches; b.The intermediate time if all three watches differ; c.The common time if two watches are identical.

84 Level 1 - Questionnaire 18. When two watches are being used on one lane, the official time is: a.The average time of the two watches, to the slower hundredth; b.The faster of the two watches; c.The slower time of the two watches.

85 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT 52.32

86 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT Sum [(12+19) ÷ 2], round up. 4:51.16

87 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT :51.16 Sum [(46+81) ÷ 2], round up

88 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : :59.93

89 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : :

90 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : : Sum [(43+18) ÷ 2], round up. 1:02.31

91 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : : :02.31 Sum [( ) ÷ 2] 59.96

92 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : : : :07.12

93 Level 1 - Questionnaire 19. Determine the official time for each of the following sets of manual digital watches on one lane: a b.4:51.124:51.19 c d.2:59.932:59.803:00.06 e f.1:02.431:02.18 g :00.03 h.2: :07.12CT i.4:21.064:20.974:21.184:20.91CT : : : : :21.06

94 Level 1 - Questionnaire 20. The correct time to clear your watch is: a.When your Chief Timekeeper tells you; b.If you are not instructed, then when the Referee blows his first long whistle, to put the swimmers on the blocks or into the water; c.When the Starter says “take your marks”; d.After your time is recorded on the time card; e.Whenever your time is substantially different from the other timers.

95 Level 1 - Questionnaire 21. When judging relay take-overs, your duties are to: a.Observe the “touch-out” and “take-off” of relay team members in your lane; b.After consultation with the Referee/Chief Timekeeper disqualify teams as appropriate; c.Not touch any swimmer while he is on the starting blocks; d.Report disqualifications through the prescribed channels; e.Inform offending team members immediately of their disqualification (prior to informing the Referee) f.Consider a relay take-off to be fair if a swimmer who starts early returns to touch the wall before swimming his leg.

96 Level 1 - Questionnaire 22. Until the touch-out of one relay team member, the next swimmer on the team: a.May be in motion; b.Must be absolutely motionless; c.Must maintain contact with the starting block.

97 Level 1 - Questionnaire 23. If you are appointed the Head Lane Timekeeper, your duties shall be to: a.Determine that the correct swimmer is in your lane; b.Ensure that split times are recorded correctly; c.Report light touches to the Chief Finish Judge; d.Act as Relay-Take-Over Judge if so directed; e.Disqualify swimmers who false start.

98 Level 1 - Questionnaire 24. When ringing the bell lap, you should: a.Ring the bell as the swimmer approaches/leaves the wall (from backstroke flags to wall and back); b.Ring the bell over the right hand lane rope; c.Ring the bell throughout the last lap of the race; d.Ring the bell after consultation with the Referee/Chief Timekeeper.

99 Level 1 - Questionnaire 25. The time taken by the Chief Timekeeper should be included on the time card for your lane: a.Always b.Only if it is different from the other; c.Whenever there are fewer than three good times for you lane; d.Only if your swimmer won his heat.

100 Level 1 - Questionnaire 26. The “official time” is written on the lane card only when: a.Electronic timing is used; b.Manual watches are used as the primary timing system; c.There are preliminaries and finals; d.All events are timed-finals; e.When instructed by the Chief Timekeeper.

101 Level 1 - Questionnaire 27. The duties of the marshal are to: a.Assist the clerk of course in all matters relating to those duties; b.Supervise and control the marshalling area and working deck; c.Report undisciplined acts to the Clerk of Course; d.Be deputy Clerk of Course; e.Report observed stroke infractions to the Referee

102 Level 1 - Questionnaire 28. The intent of the rules of seeding and lane assignments is to: a.Allow faster swimmers to swim in the centre of the pool, where the water is faster; b.Require the slower swimmers to swim in the outside lanes where their strokes can be more effectively judged; c.Ensure that no swimmer is more than half the width of the pool away from the fastest entered swimmer in the heat; d.Ensure that no two swimmers from the same club swim in adjacent lanes;

103 Level 1 - Questionnaire 29. The Safety Marshals’ Responsibilities include: a.Being in charge of the deck from the start of the warm-up until the pool is cleared for the start of the meet; b.Monitoring warm-up procedures to ensure that they meet safety rules; c.Ensuring the officials are on deck for the start of the meet; d.Ensuring that no diving takes place until the proper time and in the proper lane(s); e.Ensure swimmers enter the pool in a safe manner; f.Ensuring that only the appropriate equipment is used during warm-up.

104 Level 1 - Questionnaire 30. The Safety Marshals’ area of responsibility includes: a.The portion of the pool/deck assigned to them by the Referee/Meet Management; b.The change rooms; c.The entire deck.

105 Level 1 - Questionnaire 31. If the Safety marshal(s) observe an infraction of the safety rules, they may: a.Inform the swimmer of the breach of the safety rules; b.Remove the swimmer from the warm-up and escort him/her to their coach; c.Remove the swimmer from the meet; d.Inform the Referee of any safety infraction.

106 Thank you. Approved by the BC Swimming Officials’ Association