Circular Motion. Circular Motion: Description & Causes Circular motion is motion along a circular path due to the influence of a centripetal force. [Note:

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

7.1 Characteristics of Uniform Circular Motion Objectives

Advertisements

Uniform Circular Motion

Universal Gravitation & Universal Circular Motion Review Questions Divided by Category.

Uniform Circular Motion. Answer Me!!!!  Newton’s Laws state that an object in motion will stay at the same velocity until acted upon by an unbalanced.

Week.  Student will: centripetal accelerationcentripetal force  Solve problems involving centripetal acceleration and centripetal force.

Circular Motion. Speed/Velocity in a Circle Consider an object moving in a circle around a specific origin. The DISTANCE the object covers in ONE REVOLUTION.

Uniform Circular Motion

Wednesday, 11/05/14 TEKS: P.4C: Analyze and describe accelerated motion in two dimensions using equations, including projectile and circular examples.

Ch 7 - Circular Motion Circular motion: Objects moving in a circular path.

Rotational Motion = Uniform Circular Motion r r v2v2 v1v1 7v7v 2 2 a b Chord ab c d e f Using similar triangles abc def Where r is.

Centripetal Force and Acceleration

Acceleration is equal to Δv/Δt. Velocity is a vector and there are two ways a vector can be changed: by changing magnitude or by changing direction.

Circles and Projectiles. 1 - Motion in Two Dimensions 2 - Circular Motion 3 - Centripetal Force, Gravity, and Orbits 4 - Center of Mass.

Tangential and Centripetal Accelerations

Centripetal Acceleration/Force. Centripetal Force/Acceleration Definition Centripetal force: Centripetal force: Any force that causes curved path motion.

ROTATIONAL MOTION Uniform Circular Motion

Rotational Motion Comparison of Angular Motion with One-dimensional Horizontal Motion Distance traveled is replaced by the angle traveled around the circle.

Uniform Circular Motion. Motion in a Circle Revolution: If entire object is moving in a circle around an external point. The earth revolves around the.

Circular Motion. Uniform Circular Motion Motion of an object at constant speed along a circular path.

Centripetal Motion Motion towards the center of a circle.

Uniform Circular Motion. What is uniform circular motion? 4 Movement of an object at constant speed around a circle with a fixed radius 4 Can the velocity.

Circular Motion Chapter 9. Circular Motion Axis – is the straight line around which rotation takes place. Internal Axis - is located within the body of.

7-3 Circular Motion. As an object travels in uniform circular motion Its tangential speed remains constant The direction of its velocity is constantly.

CIRCULAR MOTION Mr. Theuerkauf.

Uniform Circular Motion

Circular Motion. Uniform Circular Motion Speed of object may be constant Velocity is constantly changing Direction of the velocity is tangent to the circle.

Copyright © 2004 S. B. Egliwww.stuegli.com Created by Mr. Egli September 2004

Centripetal Acceleration is a vector quantity because it has both direction and magnitude. Centripetal Acceleration is defined as an acceleration experienced.

CIRCULAR MOTION. Linear Motion d – distance (in meters) v – velocity (in meters/second) a – acceleration (in meters/second 2 ) Distance = 2  r.

CIRCULAR MOTION. WHAT IS UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION The motion of an object in a circle at constant speed. However, direction and therefore velocity are.

Physics Lesson 11 - Circular Motion

Uniform Circular Motion. Acceleration When an object moves at a constant speed in a circular path, it is constantly changing direction – accelerating.

Uniform Circular Motion. Motion of an object moving in a circle at constant speed. Motion of an object moving in a circle at constant speed. The linear.

Circular Motion Section 7.3

Circular Motion. PhET Lady Bug Motion Think about this Click “Show Both” at the top, and “Circular” at the bottom Watch the following and comment: Which.

Conceptual Physics Notes on Chapter 9 CircularMotion.

Circular Motion. Rotating Turning about an internal axis Revolving Turning about an external axis.

Circular Motion = the movement of an object at constant speed around a circle with fixed radius Axis – straight line around which rotation takes place.

PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS Circular Motion. When an object moves in a circle its path is described by: Radius (r) – distance from the center to the perimeter.

Circular Motion Physics.

Proportionality between the velocity V and radius r

Uniform Circular Motion. What is uniform circular motion? Constant speed Circular path Must be an unbalanced force acting towards axis of rotation- think.

Motion. Equations N EWTON ’ S LAWS OF MOTION First law: law of Inertia a body at rest remains at rest and a body in motion continues to move in straight.

Gravitation. Gravitational Force the mutual force of attraction between particles of matter Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation F g =G(m 1* m 2 /r 2.

Circular Motion. Speed/Velocity in a Circle Consider an object moving in a circle around a specific origin. The DISTANCE the object covers in ONE REVOLUTION.

Circular Motion Chapter 7.3. Motion & Forces What you already know: –Velocity – a measure of the change in over with. –Mass – A measure of the amount.

1 Uniform Circular Motion SP1. Students will analyze the relationships between force, mass, gravity, and the motion of objects. g. Measure and calculate.

Circular Motion Chapter 9 in the Textbook Chapter 6 is PSE pg. 81.

Chapter 9 Circular Motion. Axis – Central point around which rotation occurs (axis) (fulcrum) Rotation – occurs when an object turns about an internal.

Unit 6: Circular Motion Consider a Ferris wheel. ◦ The cars are in circular motion because they revolve about a single axis. ◦ The line about which the.

Edexcel A2 Physics Unit 4 : Chapter 1.2 : Motion In a Circle Prepared By: Shakil Raiman.

Physics – Centripetal Acceleration All of our motion studies thus far have dealt with straight- line stuff. We haven’t dealt with things changing direction.

Circular Motion Things that Travel in a CIRCLE!!.

Uniform circular motion is the motion of an object traveling at a constant speed on a circular path. Uniform Circular Motion.

Physics Section 7.1 Define and apply circular motion What is circular motion? Any object that revolves about.

Circular Motion Centripetal Acceleration. Revisiting Acceleration What is acceleration? Acceleration is how fast an object’s velocity changes. But what.

Circular Motion Chapter 7.3. Motion & Forces What you already know: –Velocity – a measure of the change in displacement (distance with direction. –Mass.

Unit 4 Vocabulary Terms Circular Motion. Radius - R The radius is defined as half the diameter of a circle or the distance from the edge of a circle to.

Section 7-1 Circular Motion Acceleration can be produced by a change in magnitude of the velocity and/or by a change in ____________________ of the velocity.

Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion  An object moving on a circular path of radius r at a constant speed, V  Motion is not on a straight line, the direction.

Uniform Circular Motion. 4 dXxQ7o dXxQ7o.

Uniform circular motion Uniform circular motion is motion along a circular path in which there is no change in speed, only a change in direction. v.

SACE Stage 2 Physics Circular Motion.

PHY 151: Lecture 4B 4.4 Particle in Uniform Circular Motion 4.5 Relative Velocity.

Uniform Circular Motion

Uniform Circular Motion

Circular Motion Unit

Circular Motion Chapter

Circular Motion.

Presentation transcript:

Circular Motion

Circular Motion: Description & Causes Circular motion is motion along a circular path due to the influence of a centripetal force. [Note: Centripetal means “center seeking.”] Circular motion is caused by a centripetal force F c which is any net force of constant magnitude always pointing toward a single point, the center of a circle. Centripetal acceleration a c is the “center seeking” acceleration caused by a centripetal force.

Centripetal acceleration Centripetal acceleration a c is the acceleration resulting from the change of the direction of an object with no change in speed. The speed is constant but the velocity is not because direction is always changing. Centripetal acceleration also points toward the center of a circle just like centripetal force does. In fact, both centripetal force and centripetal acceleration point parallel to the radius toward the center.

Tangential speed (“how fast”) Tangential speed is the constant speed at which a body in circular motion moves. It is sometimes identified as the linear speed because that’s how fast the object would move in a straight line if there were suddenly no centripetal force acting on it. Tangential velocity has constant magnitude but changing direction. Its vector arrow points perpendicular to the radius, acceleration, and force.

vTvT acac FcFc Diagram of an object moving clockwise Note the direction and orientation of the centripetal force, centripetal acceleration, and tangential velocity. Dashed line is the path of the object if there is no centripetal force.

Terms, Symbols, & Units Physical Terms Equation Symbol SI Unit Tangential Speed v t m/s Centripetal Acceleration a c m/s 2 Centripetal Force F c N Radius r m

Equations for Circular Motion F c = m∙a c F c is directly related to m & a c a c = v t 2 /r a c is related to the square of v t F c = m∙v t 2 /r F c and a c are inversely related to r

Example Problem #1 A 10 kg block of wood is whirled around on a rope with an acceleration of 5 m/s 2. How much centripetal force acts on it to keep it moving in a circle? Solution: F c = ma c = (10 kg)(5 m/s 2 ) F c = 50 N

Example Problem #2 At what speed must a block of wood move at the end of a 1 m length of rope to maintain a 25 m/s 2 centripetal acceleration? Solution: a c = v t 2 /r 25 m/s 2 = v t 2 / (1 m) v t 2 = 25 so….. v t = 5 m/s

Example Problem #3 A 5 kg block of wood revolves around at 4 m/s maintained by a centripetal force of 20 N. At what radius does it revolve? [What’s the length of rope to which it’s attached?] Solution: Fc = mv 2 /r 40 N =(5 kg)(4 m/s) 2 /r 40 = 80/r r = 80/40 = 2 m

Proportion Problems The original centripetal force acting on a block of wood revolving in a circle is 10 N. F new = (multiplication factor) x F orig Doubling the mass of the block will double the force needed to keep it moving in a circle, so… F new = 2 x 10 N = 20 N Doubling the speed will quadruple the force needed to maintain a circle so F new = 2 2 x 10 N = 40 N Doubling the radius will change the force by ½ so F new = ½ x 10 N = 5 N

Terminology & Misc. Concepts Rotation is circular motion about an internal axis such as the rotation of the Earth causing night and day. Revolution is circular motion about an external axis such as the Earth moving around the Sun or the Moon around the Earth. Time for one revolution T= Circum./Speed = (2πr/v) so a path with a greater radius (r) and greater circumference (2πr) requires a faster speed to complete one trip in the same time.