Pre Tiger Summit Partners Dialogue Meeting Bali, Indonesia 12 July 2010 Global Support Programme Combating Wildlife Crime

Pattaya Manifesto on Combating Wildlife Crime in Asia (April 2009) The CITES Secretariat, ICPO-Interpol, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the World Bank and the World Customs Organization, among others, to provide support to the ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network and a Similar South Asia enforcement Network;

Kathmandu Global Tiger Workshop (October 2009) Enhance the capacity of INTERPOL, the World Customs Organization (WCO), the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the CITES Secretariat, and regional wildlife enforcement networks (including ASEAN- WEN) to more effectively and sustainably combat the illegal trade in wildlife at the international level and through relevant national agencies; and implement the Manifesto on Combating Wildlife Crime in Asia, decided in Pattaya, Thailand, in April, 2009.

Declaration of the1 st Asia Ministerial Conference on Tiger Conservation (Thailand, January 2010) With regard to law enforcement and illegal trade, we pledge to: Protect wild tigers and their prey base from poaching, and critical tiger habitats from encroachment, through smart patrolling, trans-boundary coordination, and elimination of international trade of tigers, tiger parts, and derivatives through effective laws and their enforcement, at national and international levels, if necessary, with support of specialized international agencies, such as CITES, INTERPOL, UNODC and WCO, if necessary.

How have CITES, INTERPOL, UNODC, the World Bank and the World Customs Organization responded to these calls?

Combating Wildlife Crime Programme Programme Goals: Greater cooperation within TRCs among their national agencies charged with various aspects of combating wildlife crime, such as forest officers, Customs, police, financial crime units, and the military; Making wildlife crime a priority throughout the criminal justice system; Stronger regional and global cooperation in wildlife law enforcement to address the transnational nature of wildlife crime; Data analysis; High-impact wildlife crime interdiction operations that begin to dismantle or disrupt tiger trafficking networks, and also contribute to trans-boundary cooperation, development of intelligence-sharing networks, and capacity building; and Specialized wildlife law enforcement capacity-building

Achieving the goals Reviewing current national wildlife crime responses: –Strengthen inter-agency coordination, collaboration and communication; –Identify gaps and ways of plugging them; –Indentify and engage with all possible agencies, including those not normally associated with wildlife law enforcement, e.g. financial crime units, anti-corruption commissions, etc.; and –Facilitate cross-border cooperation among neighbouring countries and at the region and international level

Achieving the goals Trans-boundary interdiction operations: –Identify ‘hotspots’; –Identify any lack of capacity and provide training and logistics; –Coordinate planning meetings; –Coordinate intelligence and information gathering; –Identify targets; and –Conduct enforcement operations, e.g. simultaneous raids, searches of premises and markets, arrests, border controls, follow-up investigations, intelligence-gathering and dissemination, etc.

We’ve proved we can do it INTERPOL operations in Africa: Operation Baba (2008): –70 arrests –One ton of illegal-origin ivory recovered –Foreign nationals detained Operation Costa (2009): –170 suspects taken into custody –1.7 tonnes of ivory seized –Weapons and ammunition recovered Operation Mogatle (2010): –83 arrests –600 kgs of worked ivory and 35 tusks seized –One illegal ivory factory closed down –Leopard, elephant and lion skins and bushmeat seized –Unlicensed gold, drugs, firearms and cigarettes seized –Over 1,500 vehicles and 6,843 persons searched –7 illegal immigrants detained The operations, in total, involved over 800 officers from over 20 agencies, including police, wildlife departments, Customs, security and intelligence agencies, together with the Lusaka Agreement Task Force, and in some cases the army.

We’ve proved we can do it World Customs Organization operations around the globe: Project AIRCOP, funded by European Commission, coordinated by the UNODC and implemented by the WCO and INTERPOL, aims at building drug enforcement capacities at international airports in West Africa, south America and Caribbean, as well as in Morocco, to target trafficking in narcotics, counterfeit products, hazardous waste, wildlife, avoidance of duties, etc. Operation COCAIR (2008): –Seizures of cocaine, heroin and cannabis to the value of USD 600,000 –Firearms and ammunition seized –88 kg of cultural items prohibited from export Operation COCAIR 2 (14-20 June 2010) in 25 international airports from 22 countries under the multi- annual Project AIRCOP –3,000 kg of chemical precursors –1,800 kilograms of herbal cannabis, and 15 kilograms of cocaine –One handgun seized –20 kg of cultural items prohibited from export –Chemical precursors seized –One false passport

We’ve proved we can do it UNODC/WCO Container Control Programme (CCP) helps States create sustainable law enforcement structures in selected seaports to minimize the exploitation of maritime containers for illicit drug trafficking and other transnational organized criminal activities. CCP has been implemented in 8 countries since 2004, and is to be expanded to a further 21 countries. Seizures by June 2010: –36,828 kg of narcotic drugs –769,250 kg of chemical precursors –1,554,000 kg of protected wildlife

Achieving the goals Data collection and trend analysis: –Build upon the CITES/INTERPOL ‘Operation Jakarta’ – described in CITES Notification to the Parties No. 2010/011; –Understand the nature of illegal trade in tiger parts and derivatives, where it occurs, smuggling methods, routes, etc.; and –Identify ‘targets’ and incorporate them into interdiction operations

Achieving the goals Making wildlife crime a priority for the criminal justice system: –Working with prosecutors and judges; –Raising awareness of the seriousness of wildlife crime; –Focussing not just on wildlife law but on the criminal statutes and common law provisions that can help ‘bring criminals to book’; –Identifying existing legislative provisions that can put poachers and traders behind bars; –Assist, where needed, in drafting new law; –‘Following the money’ – hitting criminals where it hurts most – in their pockets, through asset recovery; and –Making enforcement, prosecution and sentencing a firm triangle to respond to wildlife crime.

Achieving the goals Specialized wildlife law enforcement capacity-building (demand-driven): –Introducing ‘best practice’ methodologies and policing skills; –Anti-money laundering; –Border control (including risk-assessment, profiling and targeting); –Case preparation and evidence handling; –Interviewing techniques; –Intelligence gathering and analysis; –Scenes-of-crime examination and forensic science support; –Surveillance techniques; –Using informants; –ICCWC partners have a significant ‘off-the-shelf library’ of training materials

The International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime The Consortium’s primary goal: To introduce a new era where wildlife criminals will face a formidable, coordinated opposition, rather than the present situation where the risk of detection and punishment is all too low. To achieve this goal, ICCWC will work for, and with, the wildlife law enforcement community. It is frontline officers who bring criminals to justice. ICCWC partner agencies are ready to respond to tiger range States’ requests for assistance and will work to identify areas in National Tiger Recovery Programmes where they can best lend support.