Colonizing North America The American Nation III. Chapter 3 - Section 3 – Colonizing North America Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Colonizing North America Chapter 3, Section 3 Objectives Why did England, France, and the Netherlands seek a northwest passage to Asia? How did the Protestant Reformation affect rivalries among European nations? How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland?

How do you think Spain’s success in the New World is going to affect other European countries?

Previewing Chapter 3 – Section 3: Alphabet Connection Preview Chapter 3 – Section 3 (pp.81-86) by completing the Portable Word Wall sheet in Round Robin Groups (4). Make connections with terms, people, events, etc. for each letter of the alphabet Traveling Round Robin Discussions

4 Corners – Vocabulary Review Skim Chapter 3 – Section 3 to complete the vocabulary chart. Review Key Terms with 4 Corners When a clue is read go to the corner with the vocabulary word that represents that word. Listen carefully for the clues.

Clues for 4 Corner 3-3 Vocabulary Review Dutch and French sought these with the Native Americans. What European explorers were searching for. Movement to reform the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s French colonist who lived and worked in the woods. Led to the creation of many different Christian Churches Waterway through or around North America Following of Martin Luther Left French colonies to avoid harsh rule of the King Agreement between nations to aid and protect one another Involved in the Fur Trade with the Native Americans

Wrap Up Exit Ticket: Write a summary of what Chapter 3 – Section 3 is about on the Portable Word Wall sheet. I will check this on your way out of class. It will be worth class preparation points. Homework: Read Chapter 3 – Section 3 (pp.81-86) and complete the Explorer chart.

Getting Your Attention – Opening Discussion Answer the following questions in your notebooks as I check your homework: What other European powers explored in North America after Spain? What were they looking for?

Notes on Northwest Explorers Remember you should be checking your chart with my information and adding information where you are missing information.

Searching for a Northwest Passage 1. Northwest Passage – waterway through or around North America 2. Explorers a. John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) Nationality Sponsor Area Explored Dates Goals Results Italian England Northeastern coast of North America; Newfoundland 1497 To find a northwest passage to Asia He discovered Newfoundland

The search for the Northwest Passage

Europeans explorers spent over 100 years searching for a Northwest Passage through North America to Asia. England, France, and Holland began searching for a westward route to Asia in order to compete with Spain and Portugal.

John Cabot

Explorations for England The Italian sailor Giovanni Cabato, later known as John Cabot, explored the north Atlantic coast of North America for England.

John Cabot’s Voyages for England (2:52) Why are John Cabot’s voyages significant?

The voyages of Christopher Columbus, John Cabot, and Amerigo Vespucci dramatically changed the world map. This map, printed in 1507, is one of the earliest maps to incorporate this new world view.

Searching for a Northwest Passage Explorers b. Giovanni da Verrazano c. Jacques Cartier Nationality Sponsor Area Explored Dates Goals Results Italian French North American coast from the Carolinas to Canada; New York Harbor 1520s; 1524 To find a northwest passage to Asia Atlantic Coast; New York Harbor Nationality Sponsor Area Explored Dates Goals Results French St. Lawrence River 1530s To find a northwest passage to Asia Major explorer of Canada/ St. Lawrence River

Explorations for France Giovanni da Verrazano explored the east coast of North America, including New York harbor, for France in 1524.

Giovanni da Verrazano

First Voyage of Verrazano (1:31)

Expeditions of Verazano and Background and Expeditions of Cartier (3:56) Why are Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier important explorers?

Expeditions of Jacques Cartier (3:08)

Jacques Cartier

Explorations for France Jacques Cartier explored the St. Lawrence River Valley for France. Jacques Cartier

A painting by J.-A. Théodore Gudin depicts Jacques Cartier discovering the Saint Lawrence River in the 16th century.

Jacques Cartier points to the arms of France on the cross during a ceremony taking possession of Canada for France, 1534.

Searching for a Northwest Passage Explorers c. Henry Hudson Nationality Sponsor Area Explored Dates Goals Results English Dutch/ Netherlands and England New York harbor; Hudson River; Hudson Bay 1609-1610 To find a Northwest Passage Discovered the Hudson River; Rebellion of his crew lead to his downfall

Explorations for the Netherlands (Holland) British sailor Henry Hudson explored the waters of northeast North America, including the water surrounding New York City.

Explorations for England In 1610, Henry Hudson explored northern Canada for England.

Henry Hudson’s voyages

In 1611, Hudson’s crew mutinied and returned to Holland, leaving Hudson, his son, and several loyal sailors to perish in the Hudson Bay.

Henry Hudson’s First Voyage Searching for the Northwest Passage (2:07) What is the significance of Henry Hudson’s voyages???

Henry Hudson’s Second Voyage – A Mutiny (1:07)

Failure and Success of the Search for the Northwest Passage In Round Robin Discussion: Identify the failures and successes of the Northwest Passage… Failure Success No explorers found a northwest passage to Asia. Explorers mapped and explored North America Rulers of Western Europe start to think about how to profit from the region’s resources

Think Pair Share – Rivalries Among European Nations Read section entitled “Rivalries Among European Nations” (pp.82-83) and take notes. Share your notes with a partner. What should you have in your notes???

Rivalries among European Nations Religious Divisions a. 1517 – Martin Luther split from the Catholic church creating the Protestant Reformation b. Protestant Reformation = movement to reform the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s; led to the creation of many different Christian Churches c. Late 1500s – Religion divided Western Europe i. Spain and France are Catholic ii. England and Dutch are Protestant Rivalries in the Americas a. Europeans brought religious conflicts to Americas b. European nations competed for control of land and economic markets – ex. Queen Elizabeth I encouraged English piracy against the Spanish

The Protestant Reformation (1:36) What is an effect of the Protestant Reformation?

Example of Rivalries – Sir Francis Drake (1:33) How is Sir Francis Drake an example of the rivalries between European countries?

Checking for Understanding – European Exploration (1:00)

French Explorers Establishment in North America (what is today Canada) a. 1605 - Samuel de Champlain founded the first settlement in North America called Port Royal b. 1608 – Champlain founded trading post of Quebec 2. Expansion to Mississippi River a. 1673 - Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet followed the Mississippi River for 700 miles b. 1682 – Robert de La Salle- followed the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico and named the region Louisiana in honor of French King, Louis XIV. c. Forts were built to keep Spain and England out of Louisiana i. Detroit – built by Antoine Cadillac near Lake Erie ii. New Orleans – became a busy trading center

The First Expedition of Samuel de Champlain – Start of the French Fur Trade (2:08) What is the significance of Samuel de Champlain’s voyages?

The Second Expedition of Samuel de Champlain – Founding Colony of Acadia (1:54)

The Third Expedition of Samuel de Champlain – Founding of New France at Quebec (2:39)

Father Jacques Marquette, Louis Jolliet, and Robert de La Salle

The Explorations of Jacques Marquette and French Fur Trade (2:43) What is the significance of Joliet and Marquette's voyages?

Louis Joliet’s Exploration of the Mississippi River (3:26)

Expeditions of Robert De La Salle (3:17) What is the significance of Robert de la Salle’s voyages?

Last Expedition of Robert la Salle (2:14)

Dutch Explorers Establishment a. 1626 – Peter Minuit led a group of Dutch settlers to the Hudson River where he bought the Mahattahan Islands from Indians – called it New Amsterdam b. Dutch colony called New Netherland (New York) c. Welcomed diverse people d. Trading posts were built along the Hudson River – ex. Fort Orange (Albany) e. New Sweden (along the Delaware River) was bought in 1655

Comparing and Contrasting – Venn Diagram Think: Complete the Venn Diagram on New France and New Netherlands. Pair: Share your answers with a partner. Share: Check your notes on the Venn Diagram.

C. How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland? Chapter 3, Section 3 New Netherland Settlements along the Hudson River Merchants traded for furs with Indians of the northeastern woodlands. Alliance with the Iroquois Sold furs in Europe New France Settlements along the St. Lawrence River Coureur de bois trapped, hunted, and traded for furs with Indians of the northeastern woodlands. Missionaries traveled the woods to convert Indians to Christianity. Alliance, or agreement to help and protect each other, with the Hurons. Sold furs in Europe

New France Government a. Controlled by French King, Louis XIV b. Council appointed by the King made all decisions c. Colony grew slowly d. Coureurs de bois lived free of government

King Louis XIV and New France (1:46)

D. New Netherland Rivalry over furs a. Dutch and French rivaled over the fur trade b. Both wanted alliances (an agreement between nations to aid and protect one another) with Native Americans i. Dutch allied with the Iroquois ii. French allied with the Huron Dutch ways in North America – Dutch brought many of their customs from Europe (ex. St. Nicholas, dutch words like cookies, boss, sleigh)

E. Impact on Native Americans 1. Positive Impact 2. Negative Impact Indians adopted European trade goods Missionaries tried to convert Indians to Christianity??? Disease killed thousands of Indians Rivarly over the fur trade increased warfare amongst Indians Overtrapping Alcohol had a harsh effect French, Dutch, English seized Indian lands

Effects of European Exploration in America Chapter 3, Section 3 Exploration of the Americas Effects Today • The United States is a multicultural society • American foods, such as corn and potatoes, are important to people’s diets around the world Effects • Spain builds an empire in the Americas • English, French, and Dutch set up colonies in North America • Millions of Native Americans die from “European” diseases • Slave traders bring enslaved Africans to the Americas • Foods from the Americas are introduced into Europe Causes Europeans want more goods from Asia Muslims gain control of trade between Europe and Asia Rulers of European nations seek ways to increase their wealth European nations look for a sea route to Asia Columbus reaches the Americas

Effects of Discovering the New World (1:08)

Fur Trade Analysis – Round Robin Read the passage about the fur trade and identify environment effects, social effects, and economic effects. Share your thoughts.

Section 3 Review Homework: Complete Chapter 3 – Section 3 Study Guide Exit Ticket: Answer the questions below on an index card: 1. Which European country did not establish a colony in North America? a) Germany b) France c) The Netherlands d) Sweden 2. European nations in North America competed for a) the right to convert Indians. b) control of land and furs. c) colonists from many nations. d) gold and silver ore. Homework: Complete Chapter 3 – Section 3 Study Guide

Review Chapter 3 – Section 1,2,3 (4:54)

Section 3 Review Chapter 3, Section 3 Which European country did not establish a colony in North America? a) Germany b) France c) The Netherlands d) Sweden European nations in North America competed for a) the right to convert Indians. b) control of land and furs. c) colonists from many nations. d) gold and silver ore. Want to connect to the American Nation link for this section? Click here.