Ecoregions of the Pacific Northwest Identified through the analysis and patterns of composition of biotic and abiotic factors of an area.

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1 #1 Coast Range Highest Peak, 4000 feet Mary’s Peak Average Height 1,500 feet Highly productive coniferous forest Sitka Spruce (historically dominated), Coastal Redwood Most common trees are the big three: Western Redcedar, Western Hemlock, Douglas-Fir (planted)

#1 Coast Range

2 #2 Puget Lowlands Seattle - Puget Sound Estuary Formed from a glacial trough Glaciation occurred as recently as 15,000 years ago Ice sheet up to 3,000 feet thick near Seattle

#2 Puget Lowlands

3 #3 Willamette Valley Rolling prairies Mixed forests: coniferous and broadleaves Oregon White Oak Great topsoil as a result of historic ice-age floods Temperate Highly productive soils, Fluvial Terraces, Floodplains

#3 Willamette Valley

4 #4 Cascades Volcanic Average height: 5,000 feet Highest Peak: Mt. Rainier 14,411 feet Rivers flow west Coniferous Steep ridges due to glaciers

#4 Cascades

5 #5 Eastern Cascades Slope Rainshadow (leeward) Open Forest Ponderosa, Lodgepole, Aspen

#5 Eastern Cascade Slope

6 #6 Columbia Plateau Wheat land Arid Grassland Result of volcanism

#6 Columbia Plateau

7 #7 Blue Mountains Wallowa Mountains Not as high as the Rockies of Cascades Average height: 4,000 feet Volcanic in origin Cattle grazing Sagebrush, Pine, Aspen

#7 Blue Mountains

8 #8 North Basin and Range Steens Mountains –Uplift Cattle and sheep grazing Arid Sagebrush

#8 North Basin and Range

9 #9 Snake River Plain Agricultural Land River used for irrigation Sagebrush in areas not irrigated

#9 Snake River Plain

10 #10 Rocky Mountains 14,400 highest peak Average height: 7,000 Uplift Span from Canada to Mexico

#10 Rocky Mountains

11 #11 Klamath Mountains Uplift Siskiyou Mountains Runs into California

#11 Klamath Mountains