Location Located in Kent Cantiaci/Cantii tribe Near Watling Street and Stane Street London Canterbury Chichester

Pre-Roman occupation Wattle and daub Believed to have been a farming settlement Like this until c. 80AD Suggests the farmer was being Romanised during the early stages of their rule

First building 80-90AD Flint and mortar walls Likely that help from the Empire was called upon due to probable lack of expertise in stone building in Britain Basic rectangular structure Thatched roof

Circular Temple Second Century AD construction Small, only fifteen feet internal diameter Red and yellow tessellated floor Evidence for ritual fires No altar or cult statue/devotions found Dismantled in c.300AD to allow for the building of a larger structure

Baths Late second century addition No apodyterium, would change in the frigidarium Plunge pool included, but became shallower over time Water taken from a twelve-feet deep well No trace of hypocaust system remains

Cult Rooms Two rooms added in the second century One room had its walls painted in red, yellow and green, of which many examples existed in Roman Gaul and Britain The Deep Room was dedicated to the water goddess and extravagantly decorated Back wall covered in fresco of three Water Nymphs Walls in corridor, too, were painted, showing that this section of the second century villa was very important

Who owned it? Very wealthy Abandoned in c. 200 AD “Two marble busts from the 2nd century found in the cellar perhaps depict the owners or residents of the villa, which may have been the designated country retreat of the provincial governors. There is some evidence that the busts are those of Pertinax, governor of Britannia in , and his father”

Third Century Re-occupied in c.280 AD Kitchen modified to be a tannery, with two pits dug into the chalk Stairway to the Deep Room blocked Room with heating system built atop the old staircase Granary also constructed

Fourth Century

Temple-Mausoleum Constructed c. 300 AD Designed for burial of young man and woman Focused around a cult statue with pillars surrounding it

Mosaic floors Laid down between c. 330 AD and Christianity In the apse area which was newly built with a reception room and a dining room Dining room mosaic depicts the abduction of Europa by Jupiter Reception room mosaic depicts Bellerophon riding Pegasus killing the Chimeara

Mosaics

Christian Chapel Owner seemingly embraced Christianity when it was introduced, as the rooms were built between c AD Pillared portico painted on wall Between pillars were depictions of praying Christians

c. 400 AD, the buildings were destroyed in a devastating fire

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