® Registered trademarks of T.D. Williamson, Inc. in the United States and in foreign countries. © Copyright 2010 TDW Positive Material Identification Kenny Greene August 20, 2013

2 Positive Material Identification Process This Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) process consists of the following:  Ultrasonic Thickness Testing (UTT)  AUT B-scanner (C-Scan display)  Automated Ball Indention (ABI)  Optical Emissions Spectrometry (OES)  Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) These five NDE methods make up the PMI process. During this process we use UTT to verify Actual Wall Thickness (AWT). We then perform an ultrasonic C-scan to ensure that the data collection locations on the material are free from internal anomalies. Next, we prep the pipe surface and perform the ABI to determine Yield Strength. Then we perform the OES testing to determine Chemical Analysis & Carbon Equivalence. Finally, we perform MT to ensure that there were no adverse effects to the material from our proceeding tests and to be certain that it was actually a “Non-Destructive Evaluation”. All of this Positive Material Identification process is performed on-site, in- service & non-destructively in approximately 4 hours.

3 Automated Ball Indention (ABI)

4 Positive Material Identification  ABI uses sophisticated algorithm to determine material yield strength based on a stress strain curve generated by the equipment software.

5 Positive Material Identification  A Ball Indenter sequentially applies a load fifteen times at a single location.

6 Positive Material Identification  The ABI ball indenter automatically adjusts and measures the load necessary to achieve a predetermined depth throughout the fifteen sequential load/depth measurement processes.  Once the fifteenth and final load is applied at the individual location and the final maximum depth of 6 mils is achieved, the stress/strain data is analyzed to determine the UYS of that data point.

7 Positive Material Identification  After each indention the depth and load values are recorded.  A typical “Stress vs. Strain curve” is calculated

8 ABI Data Sheet

9 Optical Emission Spectrometry  OES determines elements present and their concentrations as well as the Carbon Equivalency value for welding purposes.  OES uses an Argon flush and then creates a plasma.  The photons that are given off by each of the elements in the plasma have unique wavelengths and these wavelengths are then measured.  From this, the concentration of each element present is calculated.

10 OES Data Sheet Run 3

11 OES Burn

12 Arc-Met 8000

13 PMI Data Sheet

14 Thank you! Questions please contact: Chris Caraway NDE Operations Manager