Franklin’s religion. Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Religion Chapter 14.

Advertisements

A Global View.  Humans have always expressed a need to understand natural phenomenon and to answer questions regarding their way of life and what happens.

Weber III: The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism

Categorical Imperative Universal Maxim Respect of Persons

Chapter 13 Religion.

Max Weber and the Making of Modernity Max Weber and the Making of Modernity Sociological Imagination and Investigation Lecture 8, Week 9.

Medieval Religion By: Stephanie Collins. Religion in Medieval England The spiritual quests of the middle ages influenced the culture of the medieval times.

The Reformation ENGAGE Write a list in your journals that answers the following question: Write a list in your journals that answers the following question:

The Great Awakening Religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s. Preached ideas that went against Puritan beliefs and teachings. JONATHAN EDWARDS – one of.

Chapter18 Henslin’s Sociology: A Down To Earth Approach

American Rationalism ( )

RATIONALISM RATIONALISM – the belief that human beings can arrive at truth by using reason, rather than by relying on the authority of the past, on religious.

The Judeo-Christian Tradition

SOCIAL THEORY WEBER II Vaughn Tan SOCIOLOGY 97.

Differences in Culture

SOC Lecture 5 Max Weber. Some limits of Marxist historical sociology: -subjective meaning of action -cultural context of meaning Emphasis on structural.

Beginnings: America until 1800 Lit Book pg. 2. The Europeans Arrive By the 1490s, the wave of European explorers began The first detailed European accounts.

Introductory Overview.   The belief in divine being(s) and practices (rituals) and moral codes (ethics) that result from that belief.  BELIEFS give.

World Religion Confucianism 551 B.C.E.-Today. Essential Standards 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events,

Max Weber Sociology 100 Time is money. The Spirit of Capitalism “What we understand by the ‘spirit’ of capitalism in terms of what we deem ‘essential’

Weber’s Last Theory of Capitalism. We have seen two Facets (periods) of Weber Early work Emphasis on refuting “Marxist” thesis that the economy determined.

The Reformation would have a greater political, social, and economic impact as it moved north.

The Protestant Reformation

Warm Up Answer the following questions with a partner: What was the “Avignon Papacy?” How did it lead to the Great Schism? What was the “Avignon Papacy?”

ALTERNATES TO 17 TH CENTURY ABSOLUTISM The Dutch and England Questions from your reading in Spielvogel. Pages 467 – 475. “What do you know?”

Introduction to Religion A.Religion and language lie at the foundation of culture 1.Religion is the great binding force in societies less dominated by.

UNIT 4: CULTURAL CONFLICT LESSON 4.2: THE FIRST GREAT AWAKENING.

Monday January 12, 2015 Team Huddle: Take turns telling each other one rose and one thorn for the weekend. A rose is something good that happened and.

 On paper write the assigned key word in the middle.  Write 2 ideas associated with that key word  Pass the page to the right.  Add 2 ideas to the.

 King, W.E. and Lewinski, M. (2001). World History. Minnesota: American Guidance Service, Inc.: pgs

 100 Years War and Black Death  Scientific Advances which contradicted the Church  The Corruption within the Catholic Church.

Max Weber April 22, June 14, Marianne and Max Weber Some of the books by Max Weber The Protestant Ethic & the Spirit of Capitalism The Religion.

Essay Questions Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape. In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion? How do different religions incorporate.

Geraldine Brooks Background Information Historical & Political Setting Year of Wonders.

One of the fathers of Sociology. German philosopher, political economist and sociologist who together with Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim are considered.

THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION (OR THE “COUNTER-REFORMATION”)

Believing in God (need Christian knowledge only in this unit) Revise key aspects of the unit Create set of revision notes.

Moving from Puritanism to Rationalism Bye Bye, Age of Faith!

The Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation. Renaissance - Summary The Renaissance is considered the start of Modern times because it is more like.

Belief Systems: Global AIS

Chapter 11, Lesson 3 The Reformation Begins

Faith Expressed and Lived Chapter 9. Monasticism Stems from the Greek word meaning “one, alone”. Individuals who whole heartedly wished to follow Christ.

Reformation Causes of the Reformation  By 1500, forces weakened Church  Renaissance challenged Church authority  Movement began in Germany.

AMERICAN RATIONALISM RATIONALISM RATIONALISM – the belief that human beings can arrive at truth by using reason, rather than by relying on.

Some Important Things About America

 Religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s.  Preached ideas that went against Puritan beliefs and teachings.  JONATHAN EDWARDS – one of the best known.

CH 14, Section 2.  Life was short and hard for most people in the Middle Ages.  Many people were comforted by the Christian belief in heaven, and the.

RESEARCH METHODS Lecture 40. HISTORICAL- COMPARATIVE RESEARCH.

Students will be able to describe the geographic origins, founders, teachings, traditions, customs and beliefs of each major world religion. World Religions.

 Martin Luther  John Calvin  Lived from in Germany  Father encouraged him to study law  A sudden religious experience inspired him to.

Chapter Two Section Six. The Origins of Judaism – The Hebrews At different times in history, several people inhabited Canaan, a small strip of land to.

Monster Vocabulary Words. Renaissance rebirth of interest in art and learning in European history, 1350=1550.

Max Weber | Part One Presentation by Molly Prescott.

Protestant, English and Catholic Reformations Chapter Five; Section Three and Four History Alive; Group Work.

Exploring Culture: World Religions

Southern & Eastern Asia’s Diverse Cultures

The Reformation 1517 A.D..

World Religion Confucianism 551 B.C.E.-Today.

Religion & Social Change

How did religion divide England by 1558?

Southern & Eastern Asia’s Diverse Cultures

Introduction To Religion

Early Civilizations.

Eastern Thought: Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism

Southern & Eastern Asia’s Diverse Cultures

Protestant, English and Catholic Reformations

By Micah Rodriguez.

Southern & Eastern Asia’s Diverse Cultures

Presentation transcript:

Franklin’s religion

Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England Presbyterian

The nun living upstairs from Franklin she had given all her estate to charitable uses, reserving only twelve pounds a year to live on, and out of this sum she still gave a great deal in charity, living herself on watergruel only, and using no fire but to boil it. (48)

The nun living upstairs from Franklin She look'd pale, but was never sick; and I give it as another instance on how small an income life and health may be supported. (49)

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England Presbyterian Praises monastic life of woman living in garret BUT

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England Presbyterian Praises monastic life of woman living in garret BUT Doubts Revelation

Franklin’s doubts But I was scarce fifteen, when, after doubting by turns of several points, as I found them disputed in the different books I read, I began to doubt of Revelation itself. (57)

Franklin’s doubts But I was scarce fifteen, when, after doubting by turns of several points, as I found them disputed in the different books I read, I began to doubt of Revelation itself. (57)

Franklin’s doubts Some books against Deism fell into my hands; they were said to be the substance of sermons preached at Boyle's Lectures. It happened that they wrought an effect on me quite contrary to what was intended by them; for the arguments of the Deists, which were quoted to be refuted, appeared to me much stronger than the refutations; in short, I soon became a thorough Deist. (57)

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England Praises monastic life of woman living in garret BUT Doubts Revelation Founds Deist sect

Franklin’s religion Protestant ancestors, hiding English Bible Puritan New England Praises quasi-monastic life of nun living in garret BUT Doubts Revelation Founds Deist sect. Deism: abstract creator god (deus), removed from specific confessions and forms of organized religion

Franklin’s ”essentials of every known religion” That there is one God, who made all things. That he governs the world by his providence. That he ought to be worshiped by adoration, prayer, and thanksgiving. But that the most acceptable service of God is doing good to man. That the soul is immortal. And that God will certainly reward virtue and punish vice either here or hereafter."

Franklin’s ”essentials of every known religion” That there is one God, who made all things. That he governs the world by his providence. That he ought to be worshiped by adoration, prayer, and thanksgiving. But that the most acceptable service of God is doing good to man. That the soul is immortal. And that God will certainly reward virtue and punish vice either here or hereafter."

Franklin’s religion Only concerned with worldly success, not with saving his soul. Wealth = Virtue.

Max Weber (1862 – 1920)

Study of world religions, incl.

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Study of world religions, incl. Confucianism and Taoism (China)

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Study of world religions, incl. Confucianism and Taoism (China) Buddhism and Hinduism (India)

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Study of world religions, incl. Confucianism and Taoism (China) Buddhism and Hinduism (India) Ancient Judaism

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Study of world religions, incl. Confucianism and Taoism (China) Buddhism and Hinduism (India) Ancient Judaism Christianity

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere Greed

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere Greed (self-interest) Capitalist adventurers (irrational speculation)

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere Greed (self-interest) Capitalist adventurers (irrational speculation) War expenditures

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere BUT

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere BUT It becomes a dominant system in Christian countries

Max Weber (1862 – 1920) Capitalism exists everywhere BUT It becomes a dominant system in Christian countries AND It thrives in Protestant countries as well as Protestant areas of multi-confessional countries more than in Catholic ones

Spirit of Capitalism Bourgeois capitalism:

Spirit of Capitalism Bourgeois capitalism: Peaceful organization of profit (containment of raw greed or desire for profit) Rule of law

Spirit of Capitalism Bourgeois capitalism: Peaceful organization of profit (containment of raw greed or desire for profit) Rule of law Rationalization of capitalism (against irrational speculation)

WHY?

Religious roots of capitalism

WHY? Religious roots of capitalism HOW?

WHY? Religious roots of capitalism HOW? Religion creates the conditions for capitalism

Spirit of Capitalism Protestantism abolishes monasteries

Spirit of Capitalism Protestantism abolishes monasteries, but monasticism does not disappear. It is dispersed.

Spirit of Capitalism Protestantism abolishes monasteries, but monasticism does not disappear. It is dispersed. “Now every Christian had to be a monk all his life” (121) “asceticism was carried out of monastic cells into everyday life and began to dominate worldly morality, it did its part in building the tremendous cosmos of the modern economic order" (181)

Asceticism

askesis (Greek): practice; exercise;

Asceticism askesis (Greek): practice; exercise; Self-denial; monastic practice.

Spirit of Capitalism Protestantism abolishes monasteries, but it does not disappear. It is dispersed. “Now every Christian had to be a monk all his life” (121) “asceticism was carried out of monastic cells into everyday life and began to dominate worldly morality, it did its part in building the tremendous cosmos of the modern economic order"

What is worldly asceticism? Benjamin Franklin: frugality and industry

The nun living upstairs from Franklin she had given all her estate to charitable uses, reserving only twelve pounds a year to live on, and out of this sum she still gave a great deal in charity, living herself on watergruel only, and using no fire but to boil it. (48)

The nun living upstairs from Franklin She look'd pale, but was never sick; and I give it as another instance on how small an income life and health may be supported. (49)

What is worldly asceticism? Benjamin Franklin: frugality and industry This mean: Limits on consumption. Cradle of modern economic man.

What is worldly asceticism? Benjamin Franklin: frugality and industry This mean: Limits on consumption. Cradle of modern economic man. Work as ascetic practice, not a means to an end.

What is worldly asceticism? Benjamin Franklin: frugality and industry This mean: Limits on consumption. Cradle of modern economic man. Work as ascetic practice, not a means to an end. Work as calling (vocation).

What is worldly asceticism? Benjamin Franklin: frugality and industry This mean: Limits on consumption. Cradle of modern economic man. Work as ascetic practice, not means to an end. Work as calling (vocation). Fixed calling (Luther) justification for division of labor.

Spirit of Capitalism Ascetic importance of a fixed calling provided an ethical justification of the modern specialized division of labor.

Historical argument Puritans created a culture of worldly asceticism that preceded capitalism but that happened to be perfect for capitalism, so capitalism seized it, used it, made it its own. This new capitalist order, however, worked against strict Puritan religiosity and led to the erosion of Puritan values. By then triumphant capitalism no longer needed worldly asceticism to thrive.

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization Double entry book keeping

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization Double entry book keeping Economic calculation

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization Double entry book keeping Economic calculation Mathematics

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization Double entry book keeping Economic calculation Mathematics Disenchantment Monotheism, critique of miracles

Spirit of Capitalism/Modernity Rationalization Double entry book keeping Economic calculation Mathematics Disenchantment Monotheism, critique of miracles System of ethics (Franklin’s method)

Cultural explanation The following study may thus perhaps in a modest way form a contribution to the understanding of the manner in which ideas become effective forces in history. (90)

Cultural explanation “On the contrary, we only wish to ascertain whether and to what extent religious forces have taken part in the qualitative formation and the quantitative expansion of that spirit over the world. Furthermore, what concrete aspects of our capitalistic culture can be traced to them” (91)

Cultural explanation “On the contrary, we only wish to ascertain whether and to what extent religious forces have taken part in the qualitative formation and the quantitative expansion of that spirit over the world. Furthermore, what concrete aspects of our capitalistic culture can be traced to them” (91)

Cultural explanation Protestantism prepared the ground for capitalism without intending to do so. This explains why capitalism emerged fully in Protestant countries, not Catholic ones, even though the financial center was in Northern Italy.

Culture of Capitalism Religious beliefs ideas Values Habits and practices Modes of life

Spirit of Capitalism Against materialism as historical method (Marxism): Materialism explains ideas, beliefs, art, and culture through economic categories. Weber, by contrast, explains capitalism through cultural categories.

Culture of Capitalism Religious beliefs ideas Values Habits and practices Modes of life

Culture of Capitalism Religious beliefs ideas Values Habits and practices Modes of life Art

Culture of Capitalism Art, not only religion, shapes culture. Art works are attuned to the cultural aspects of capitalism. Art works capture effects of capitalism.