Describing people & Things Adjective agreement

A. Forms of Adjectives In Spanish adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. There are three rules to remember for the formation of adejectives. In Spanish adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. There are three rules to remember for the formation of adejectives.

Rule # 1 Adjectives that end in –o change to –a in the feminine and form the plural by adding an –s. Adjectives that end in –o change to –a in the feminine and form the plural by adding an –s. Masculino Femenino Masculino Femenino Singular cariñosocariñosa Singular cariñosocariñosa Pluralcariñososcariñosas Pluralcariñososcariñosas

Ejemplos El padre es cariñoso con sus niños. El padre es cariñoso con sus niños. The father is loving to his children. The father is loving to his children. Los padres son cariñosos con sus niños. Los padres son cariñosos con sus niños. The parents are loving to their children. The parents are loving to their children. La novia es cariñosa con su novio. La novia es cariñosa con su novio. The bride is loving to his groom. The bride is loving to his groom. Las novias son cariñosas con sus novios. Las novias son cariñosas con sus novios. The brides are loving to their grooms. The brides are loving to their grooms.

Rule # 2 Adjectives that end in –e, -l, or –ista only change in the plural by adding –s or –es. Adjectives that end in –e, -l, or –ista only change in the plural by adding –s or –es. The same ending is used for the feminine and masculine. The same ending is used for the feminine and masculine. Singular Plural Singular Plural Masculinoagradableagradables Masculinoagradableagradables &débil débiles &débil débiles Feminine materialistamaterialistas Feminine materialistamaterialistas

Ejemplos Su sobrina tiene una personalidad agradable. Su sobrina tiene una personalidad agradable. His niece has a pleasant personality. His niece has a pleasant personality. Este es un lugar agradable. Este es un lugar agradable. This is a pleasant place. This is a pleasant place. Mi hermano es materialista pero mi madre es idealista. Mi hermano es materialista pero mi madre es idealista. My brother is materialist but my mother is idealist. My brother is materialist but my mother is idealist. Esas muchachas no son débiles. Sus primos son débiles. Esas muchachas no son débiles. Sus primos son débiles. These girls are not weak. Their cousins are weak. These girls are not weak. Their cousins are weak.

Rule # 3 Adjectives that end in –dor and adjectives of nationality that en in –ol, -án, or –és add an a in the feminine and –es or –s in the plural. Adjectives that end in –dor and adjectives of nationality that en in –ol, -án, or –és add an a in the feminine and –es or –s in the plural. SingularPlural SingularPlural Masculino FemeninoMasculino Femenino Masculino FemeninoMasculino Femenino trabajador trabajadoratrabajadores trabajadoras trabajador trabajadoratrabajadores trabajadoras español españolaespañoles españolas español españolaespañoles españolas alemán alemanaalemanes alemanas alemán alemanaalemanes alemanas inglés inglesaingleses inglesas inglés inglesaingleses inglesas

Ejemplos Luis es un muchacho trabajador y Ana es trabajadora también. Luis es un muchacho trabajador y Ana es trabajadora también. Luis is a hard-working young man, and Ana is hard- working too. Luis is a hard-working young man, and Ana is hard- working too. A mi amigo inglés no le gusta la comida inglesa. A mi amigo inglés no le gusta la comida inglesa. My English friend does not like English food. My English friend does not like English food. Las fiestas familiares españolas son grandes porque incluyen a todos los parientes. Las fiestas familiares españolas son grandes porque incluyen a todos los parientes. The Spanish family parties are big because they include all the relatives. The Spanish family parties are big because they include all the relatives.

Position of adjectives 1. Usually descriptive adjectives are placed after the noun they modify. 1. Usually descriptive adjectives are placed after the noun they modify. Mi prima tiene el cabello rizado. Mi prima tiene el cabello rizado. My cousin has curly hair. My cousin has curly hair. 2. The adjectives bueno or malo may be placed before the noun. In this case the masculine adjectives drop the –o. 2. The adjectives bueno or malo may be placed before the noun. In this case the masculine adjectives drop the –o. Pedro es un buen tío y su esposa es una buena tía. Pedro es un buen tío y su esposa es una buena tía. Pedro is a good uncle and his wife is a good aunt. Pedro is a good uncle and his wife is a good aunt. Esa muchacha tiene mal carácter, siempre tiene mala cara. Esa muchacha tiene mal carácter, siempre tiene mala cara. That young girl has a bad temper, she always has a bad expression on her face. That young girl has a bad temper, she always has a bad expression on her face.

PRÁCTICA Hacer los ejercicios de pp. 427 & 428. Hacer los ejercicios de pp. 427 & 428.