Antenna Design - Review In antenna design, an important design parameter is the wavelength of the EM wave In antenna design, an important design parameter is the wavelength of the EM wave Wavelength is a function of frequency Wavelength is a function of frequency Antenna length is typically either Antenna length is typically either 1. 1 wavelength 2. ¼ wavelength 3. ½ wavelength

Frequency vs wavelength Wavelength ¼ wavelength

Wavelength Calculations Wavelength units: Wavelength units:  (wavelength) m/cycle  (wavelength) m/cycle f (frequency) cycles/sec = hertz f (frequency) cycles/sec = hertz c (speed of light) m/sec  3.0 x 10 8 m/sec c (speed of light) m/sec  3.0 x 10 8 m/sec Wavelength equation Wavelength equation  c / f  c / f m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec) m/cycle = (m/sec) / (cycles/sec)

Sample calculation Find the wavelength of a frequency of 850 MHz Convert 850 MHz to Hz 850 MHz = 850 x 10 6 Hz = 8.50 x 10 8 Hz Use wavelength equation = c/f where c = speed of light = 3.0 x 10 8 m/sec    x 10 8 m/sec ) / (8.50 x 10 8 cycles/sec)   =.353 m/cycle Convert to cm gives   = 35.3 cm/cycle For a ¼ wavelength antenna = (35.3cm/cycle)/4=8.825cm/cycle

Design Criteria Maximum size 20mm x 20mm Maximum size 20mm x 20mm Minimum size 10mm x 10mm Minimum size 10mm x 10mm Can be rectangular – does not have to be square Can be rectangular – does not have to be square Lines need to be about 0.5 mm thick Lines need to be about 0.5 mm thick No sharp corners No sharp corners Length must equal wavelength of chosen application Length must equal wavelength of chosen application Must have a picture frame around the design to allow for cutting into individual antenna Must have a picture frame around the design to allow for cutting into individual antenna No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. designs No offensive, controversial, sexual, gang sign, etc. designs Keep it simple but original Keep it simple but original

Some previous designs Some of these designs did not follow the design criteria

“Hi” design

Aladdin’s Lamp Aladdin’s Lamp Dimensions not in contrasting color Lots of wasted space

XBOX design Note-DO NOT USE WHITE ON BLACBACKGROUND

Batman Top Section (enlarged) Full Dimension Drawing

UNC-Charlotte Crown design

UNCC 49er Pick Overall frame size 10.0mm x 8.00 mm Lots of wasted space

Eagle head

Clover Design

UNCC Design does not have to be square – can be rectangular provided no side is larger than 20mm

Dilbert Dilbert Way too complex but cool Final design is mm long

The Dilbert Antenna Design

” The goal of the dimension drawing is to create a “mask” Your mask will be used to create your design on your wafer It will be printed full size and repeated in rows and columns to fill 100mm wafer Your mask will be created on a special transparency sheet Your design will be black to block light with a clear background to allow light to pass It is a low cost alternative to expensive glass masks which can cost $500 or more each

Antenna Design to Mask Formation Number of good antenna per wafer = 13 Arrayed design printed on special transparency paper

Satellite Dish Antenna Mask Approximately 70 complete antenna per wafer

Air Force Logo Antenna mask 16 complete antenna per wafer

Death Star Antenna Mask Approximately 42 complete antenna per wafer

Antenna Symbol Antenna Mask Approximately 42 complete antenna per wafer

UNCC Antenna Mask Approximately 36 complete antenna per wafer

UNCC Crown Antenna Mask Approximately 20 complete antenna per wafer

Simple Spiral Antenna Design Approximately 105 complete antenna per wafer

Mask Tradeoffs For antennas, size counts, larger is a better antenna For lower cost, smaller is better – more antenna per wafer gets unit cost lower For higher quality – use a full length wavelength design For lower cost – use a ¼ wavelength design

Assignment One per team required – additional designs are allowed Dimension drawing for your team’s antenna design Overall length must match your antenna design length All corners to be rounded Must Not be on “Black” background Dimensions must be in a contrasting color Keep it simple Preview design before submission Must have a dimensioned frame (box) around the design. This is necessary as a cutting guide for slicing the wafer into individual antenna. Length and width of frame must be specified. AutoCAD available on MOSAIC under Mechanical Engineering – Autodesk AutoCAD tutorial on the Engr 1202 ECE web site TA will work with each team to create their design