5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department1 Introduction The Recruit will also practice and masters certain skills and will be tested on these skills. At the end of each subject there will be a quiz over the material that was taught. The firefighter is responsible for studying the material and practicing the skills.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department2 Fire Streams References IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition Fire Fighter I & II Presentations

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department4 Fire Streams Water Fire Streams are used to reduce temperatures and to permit closer proximity with handlines through the following methods: Direct applications to burning material Reduction of high atmospheric temperature Dispersion of hot smoke and fire gases from a heated area

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department5 Fire Streams Production of a water curtain to protect firefighters and property.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department6 Fire Streams What are the 3 physical states of Water? At what temperatures do they occur? Solid(ice): 32*F (0*C) and below Liquid(water): 32*F to 212*F (0*C to 100*C) Vapor/Steam(gas): above 212*F (100*C)

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department8 Fire Streams What are the primary ways in which water extinguishes fire? Cools Smothers

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department9 Fire Streams How does water smother a fire? It absorbs large quantities of heat and dilutes oxygen.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department10 Fire Streams Why does a fire stream broken into small particles absorb more heat than it would in its compact form? It has a greater surface area. The greater the surface area, the more heat water can absorb.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department11 Fire Streams Which of the following can absorb more heat? Chipped Ice vs. single ice cube Chipped Ice Fog stream vs. Solid stream Fog Stream Steam vs. Liquid Steam

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department12 Fire Streams How does steam aid fire fighting? It helps cool the fire area by driving heat and smoke from the area; it can aid in fire exstinghuishment by smothering or reducing oxygen in a confined space.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department13 Fire Streams What happens to water when it is converted to steam?

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department15 Fire Streams What is Water Hammer? The sudden stopping of water flow through a fire hose or pipe. Often heard as a distinct clank, much like a hammer striking a pipe. Causes a change in direction and multiplies the energy many times.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department16 Fire Streams What pieces of equipment can be damaged by water hammer? Pumps Hoselines Water Mains Couplings Nozzles Hydrants

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department18 Fire Streams How can you prevent Water Hammer? By operating nozzle controls slowly. By operating hydrants slowly. By operating valves slowly. By operating hose clamps slowly.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department19 Fire Streams Solid stream nozzles have significant nozzle reaction (force that pushes back on the person handling the hose). The greater the nozzle discharge pressure, the greater the resulting nozzle reaction. What does all that mean? It means that a solid stream nozzle is a lot harder to hold on to than a fog nozzles.

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department21 Fire Streams Fog Stream nozzle manipulate the stream in some way, shape, or fashion. There are 2 basic types of Fog stream nozzles. Manually Adjustable Nozzles Automatic Nozzles.

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department23 Fire Streams Manually Adjustable Nozzles The Firefighter can change the rate of discharge by rotating the selector ring to a specific gpm. The Firefighter may make flow adjustments before or after opening the nozzle. The Firefighter may adjust low-volume (handline) flow rates from 10 gpm to 250 gpm.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department24 Fire Streams Manually Adjustable Nozzles Con’t All adjustments should be made in increments to avoid nozzle reaction.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department25 Fire Streams Automatic Nozzles Constant-pressure nozzles automatically vary the rate of flow to maintain effective nozzle pressure. The Firefighter can change the rate of flow by opening and closing the shutoff valve. Automatic nozzles allow the Firefighter to deliver large quantities of water at constant operating pressures or to reduce the flow for

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department26 Fire Streams Automatic Nozzles Con’t mobility while maintaining an efficient discharge pattern.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department27 Fire Streams ALL NOZZLE ADJUSTMENTS REQUIRE CLOSE COORDINATION AMONG THE NOZZLEPERSON, THE COMPANY OFFICER, AND THE PUMP OPERATOR.

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5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department31 Fire Streams That concludes the self study part of the class. Now the student, that’s you, will watch the video Essentials of Firefighting Fire Streams. After the completion of the video, return to the computer and take the quiz. There should be some answer sheets in the Recruit Training Book.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department32 Fire Streams Quiz

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department33 Quiz 1. Define a fire stream.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department34 Quiz 2. Which of the following is NOT a physical state of water. A. Gas B. Vapor C. Jelly D. Solid

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department35 Quiz 3. What are the two (2) ways that water extinguishes fire? A. Impinge and Penetrate B. Cools and Smother C. Surround and Drown D. None of the above

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department36 Quiz 4. At what temperature does water Boil and make steam? A. 100F B. 212C C. 454F D. 212F

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department37 Quiz 5. What is the ratio that water converts to steam? A B C D. None of the above

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department38 Quiz 6. What is a Water Hammer? A. Hammer that is used to disconnect a water hose. B The sudden stopping of water through a pipe or hose. C. A drink that you find at the local Bar D. None of the above.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department39 Quiz 7. Which of the following is not affected by a water hammer? A. Pump B. The local drunk at the Bar. C. Water Main D. Hydrant

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department40 Quiz 8. What are the two (2) types of Fog Nozzles? A. Manually adjustable B. Automatic C. Semi-straight stream D. None of the above.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department41 Quiz 9. The firefighter can control the rate of discharge by rotating the selector ring to a specific gpm on which type of nozzle? A. Automatic B. Manually adjustable C. No ball valve D. None of the above.

5/4/2015Dixon High School Fire Department42 Quiz 10. At what temperature does water freeze? A. 32C B. 0F C. 212C D. None of the above.