Introduction to Basic Principles

Types of Level Measurement 1.A STICK/SOUNDING TAPE/SITE GLASS 2.MECHANICAL FLOATS 3.CAPACITANCE 4.HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE 5.RADAR/SONAR

Typical Level Sensors

Hydrostatic Pressure PRESSURE-FORCE/AREA Water Column Density and Specific Gravity P=h*SG/27.68 Sensor Ranging

Pressure vs Volume

Pressure is a function of height Volume is a function of shape

Dimensions Calibrations Sounding Chart Application nData Sheet Scale Calculations

4-20mA Basics Can be run long distances with minimal loss ~1,000 ft+ Varying impedance or supply voltage will not affect the signal. Low electromagnetic susceptibility Only requires 2 wires to operate

Typical 4-20mA Loop

Remote Indicator Loop

KING Filters Single stage or dual stage Main Line or Point of use Polisher Selection Scrubber Selection

Coalescing Filtration Compressed air enters Travels through filter media Oil and water attach to fibers Grow into droplets and fall off into bowl Replace elements yearly or as needed

King’s Outside to Inside Flow More surface area for particulate Nozzle shaped outlet for better discharge

Removing Oil/Water Vapor Using desiccants to remove vapor through adsorption

Desiccant Dryers Compressed air passes through an adsorbent media (desiccant) such as activated charcoal, silica gel, or molecular sieve.