The Skeletal System Chapter 3
Overview of Structures, Combining Forms, and Functions of the Skeletal System
Bones Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Act as the framework for the body Protect the internal organs Store the mineral calcium Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) oss/e, oss/i oste/o, ost/o (continues)
Bones Typical Long Bone © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning (continues)
Bones © Cengage Learning
Bone Marrow Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Red bone marrow forms some blood cells. Yellow bone marrow stores fat. Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) myel/o (also means spinal cord)
Cartilage Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Creates a smooth surface for motion within the joints Protects the ends of the bones Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) chondr/o
Joints Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) arthr/o Work with the muscles to make a variety of motions possible Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) arthr/o (continues)
Joints © Cengage Learning
Ligaments Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Connect one bone to another Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) ligament/o (continues)
Ligaments © Cengage Learning
Synovial Membrane Primary Function Forms the lining of synovial joints Secretes synovial fluid Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) synovi/o, synov/o
Synovial Fluid Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Lubricant that makes smooth joint movements possible Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) synovi/o, synov/o
Bursa Primary Function Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) Cushions areas of joints that are subject to friction during movement Related Word Parts (Combining Forms) burs/o
Key Word Parts and Definitions ankyl/o crooked, bent, stiff arthr/o joint chondr/i, chondr/o cartilage cost/o rib (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions crani/o skull -desis to bind, tie together kyph/o bent, hump lord/o curve, swayback bent (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions -lysis loosening or setting free myel/o spinal cord, bone marrow oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o bone scoli/o curved, bent (continues)
Key Word Parts and Definitions spondyl/o vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone synovi/o, synov/o synovial membrane, synovial fluid -um singular noun ending
Questions
Question There are 15 phalanges (finger bones) in a human hand. True or False?
Answer False. The human hand has 14 phalanges.
Question Nearly one-fourth of all human bones can be found in the feet. True or False?
Answer True
Question Babies are born with 300 bones, but by adulthood, we have only 206. True or False?
Answer True
Question The largest bone in the human body is the: femur pelvis fibula
a. the femur (thigh bone) Answer a. the femur (thigh bone)
Answers to Learning Exercises
Chapter 3 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 3.1. kyph/o 3.2. chondr/i, chondr/o 3.3. ankyl/o 3.4. arthr/o 3.5. -um Matching Word Parts 2 3.6. crani/o 3.7. cost/o 3.8. -lysis 3.9. myel/o 3.10. -desis
Chapter 3 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 3.11. spondyl/o 3.12. scoli/o 3.13. lord/o 3.14. synovi/o, synov/o 3.15. oste/o Definitions 3.16. diaphysis 3.17. tarsal 3.18. manubrium 3.19. synovial joint 3.20. pubis 3.21. foramen 3.22. ligament 3.23. acetabulum 3.24. phalanges 3.25. process
Chapter 3 Answers Matching Structures 3.26. sternum 3.27. zygomatic 3.28. clavicle 3.29. patella 3.30. olecranon process Which Word? 3.31. arthrolysis 3.32. fibrous dysplasia 3.33. allogenic 3.34. vertebroplasty 3.35. osteoarthritis
Chapter 3 Answers Spelling Counts 3.36. lumbago 3.37. osteoclasis 3.38. spondylitis 3.39. osteorrhaphy 3.40. crepitation Abbreviation Identification 3.41. bone marrow transplant 3.42. closed reduction 3.43. fracture 3.44. rheumatoid arthritis 3.45. temporomandibular joint
Chapter 3 Answers Term Selection 3.46. osteonecrosis 3.47. lordosis 3.48. spina bifida 3.49. myeloma 3.50. callus Sentence Completion 3.51. craniotomy 3.52. subluxation 3.53. arthrodesis 3.54. arthroplasty 3.55. hallux valgus
Chapter 3 Answers Word Surgery 3.56. hem, arthr, -osis 3.57. oste/o, chondr, -oma 3.58. oste/o, -malacia 3.59. peri-, ost, -itis 3.60. spondyl/o, -listhesis True/False 3.61. True 3.62. False 3.63. True 3.64. False 3.65. True
Chapter 3 Answers Clinical Conditions 3.66. greenstick 3.67. osteomyelitis 3.68. secondary bone cancer 3.69. kyphosis 3.70. orthotic 3.71. craniotomy 3.72. autologous 3.73. chondromalacia 3.74. rheumatoid 3.75. bursitis Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 3.76. comminuted 3.77. chondroplasty 3.78. dual x-ray absorptiometry 3.79. traction 3.80. talipes
Chapter 3 Answers Challenge Word Building 3.81. osteosclerosis 3.82. costectomy 3.83. chondropathy 3.84. arthrotomy 3.85. chondritis 3.86. arthrectomy 3.87. polyarthritis 3.88. osteoarthropathy 3.89. costotomy 3.90. craniomalacia Labeling Exercises 3.91. cervical 3.92. scapula 3.93. humerus 3.94. coccyx 3.95. femur 3.96. patella 3.97. parietal 3.98. frontal 3.99. occipital 3.100. mandible