Cell Processes Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Metabolism  Sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell  Includes reactions that break down food to get energy for the cell  Includes reactions that take molecules and build bigger compounds to help the cell function  Sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell  Includes reactions that break down food to get energy for the cell  Includes reactions that take molecules and build bigger compounds to help the cell function

Producers  What is a producer?  An autotrophic organism  Autotrophic means the organism makes its own food from raw materials  Example: plants  Plants make their own food (sugars aka glucose, starch, cellulose aka carbohydrates!)  Plants create their own energy by making their own food  What is a producer?  An autotrophic organism  Autotrophic means the organism makes its own food from raw materials  Example: plants  Plants make their own food (sugars aka glucose, starch, cellulose aka carbohydrates!)  Plants create their own energy by making their own food

Cellular Process: Photosynthesis  Carried out by producers (autotrophs)  Inputs: carbon dioxide, water, energy from the sun  Outputs: glucose (sugar) and oxygen  Chemical equation: 6 CO H 2 O + light energy --> C 6 H 12 O O H 2 O Photosynthesis: photo = light; synthesis = putting simple things together to make something complex  Carried out by producers (autotrophs)  Inputs: carbon dioxide, water, energy from the sun  Outputs: glucose (sugar) and oxygen  Chemical equation: 6 CO H 2 O + light energy --> C 6 H 12 O O H 2 O Photosynthesis: photo = light; synthesis = putting simple things together to make something complex

Cellular Process: Photosynthesis  Photosynthesis: the process a plant (or other autotroph) goes through to convert sunlight and raw materials into food (sugar) for the plant Inputs Green plant (autotroph) Outputs CO 2 H2OH2O Sunlight Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) O2O2

Consumers  Organisms that get their food by eating other organisms and raw materials  Consumers are HETEROTROPHIC organisms: they cannot make their own food, they do not do the process of photosynthesis  Organisms that get their food by eating other organisms and raw materials  Consumers are HETEROTROPHIC organisms: they cannot make their own food, they do not do the process of photosynthesis

Cellular Process: Cellular Respiration  Plant and animal cells do cellular respiration to get energy from their food to fuel all other cellular processes and reactions  Cellular respiration: series of reactions that use oxygen to break down the energy from food (glucose and other macromolecules) to get energy for the cell to use in other reactions and processes  Plant and animal cells do cellular respiration to get energy from their food to fuel all other cellular processes and reactions  Cellular respiration: series of reactions that use oxygen to break down the energy from food (glucose and other macromolecules) to get energy for the cell to use in other reactions and processes

Cellular Process: Cellular Respiration InputsOutputs Consumer Glucose oxygen Carbon dioxide water Energy (ATP)

Cellular Process: Cellular Respiration  Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP (energy for the cell) C 6 H 12 O O 2 --> 6 CO H 2 O + ATP (energy)

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration  They are interrelated!  Outputs (products) of photosynthesis are the inputs (reactants) of cellular respiration  They are interrelated!  Outputs (products) of photosynthesis are the inputs (reactants) of cellular respiration Inputs Green plant (autotroph) Outputs CO 2 H2OH2O Sunlight O2O2 Inputs Outputs Consumer H2OH2O Energy (ATP) Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) CO 2 Outputs of cellular respiration are the inputs of photosynthesis

Cellular Process: Cellular Respiration  Consumers undergo cellular respiration in every cell 24/7  Producers do the process of photosynthesis only during sunlight hours  Producers undergo cellular respiration at night--> the sugar the plant made during the day gets broken down at night to give the plant cell energy to perform other processes  Consumers undergo cellular respiration in every cell 24/7  Producers do the process of photosynthesis only during sunlight hours  Producers undergo cellular respiration at night--> the sugar the plant made during the day gets broken down at night to give the plant cell energy to perform other processes