Chapter 17 The Atmosphere Composition of the Atmosphere 78% - Nitrogen 21% - Oxygen 1% - Argon, CO 2, etc.

Water Cycle Evaporation & transpiration  Condensation  precipitation Water is neither created nor destroyed

Photosynthesis Respiration Plants! Take in CO 2, Water and sunlight to release O 2 Mammals!Take in O 2, water and food to release CO 2

17.2 Movement of Heat in the Atmosphere Conduction Convection Radiation Direct contact Currents Transfer of heat through visible light (SUN!!!)

TemperatureThe measure of HEAT in the atmosphere

Structure of the Atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere CFC’s are chlorofluorocarbons that EAT ozone! Where all weather occurs; where we live O 3 ….Ozone layer (protects us from UV light) CFC’s destroy Ozone! 3 rd layer Magnetic field (ionosphere) – Auroras!

Temperature Variations Insolation Intensity of insolation Incoming Solar radiation Higher angles received less direct sunlgiht That is why the poles are cold and the equator is always so warm

Time of Day….. What is the warmest time of day??? What is the coldest time of day?? Takes a while for the earth to heat up and cool down every day 3pm 3am

Latitude….Higher latitudes tend to be colder b/c they have less direct sunlight Closer to the equator tends to be warmer b/c there is more direct sunlight all year long

Time of year…..Tilt of the earth………….. Tilted away from the earth means less direct sunlight - colder

Cloud cover………Clouds block the sun ……temperature is cooler

HEATING OF LAND AND WATER Land heats up and cools down FASTER than water. WHY!???? Land is a solid!! Therefore water heats up and cools down SLOWER because it is a liquid. That is why the oceans are warmest in the fall and coldest in the spring