CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Autarchic Power Supply with Photovoltaic SCHOTT SOLAR Thin Film GmbH Eindhoven – 24 september 2009 Antoon Wesselink

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Typical photo active materials: Amorphous Silicon (ASI) Copper Indium Di-Selenide (CIS) Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Crystalline Silicon (C-Si) Other materials (i.e. OPV) in R&D V nom per cell Module series connection in low voltage (< 48V nom ) Advantages of a PV powered system: No wires, no maintenance Gives your product added value Provides better prices and image for your products Environmental friendly – “Blue Angel” achievable Co-Branding possible „Powered by Schott Solar“ Function Principle and Materials of PV Modules Advantages Function principle

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Thin film technology has low, but increasing and disproportionate market share with still dominant crystalline products Trend of PV technologies from Production share in technology Quelle: Navigant 4/2008 Production share in technology 2007

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Markets of Photovoltaic Products and common applications On-Grid (kW - MW per system)4 GW / yearly (23 GW 2012) Off-Grid (W - kW per system)500 MW / yearly ASI / CIS / C-Si (<100 Wp/unit) 95% C-Si (>100 Wp) ASI / C-Si (<50 Wp/unit) Off-Grid Mini Systems (µW – several W per System) 50 MW / yearly Outdoor(Consumer products, Automation, Security, Corrosion protection etc.) Indoor(Micro electronics, Wireless apps etc.) Sensors(Light-/Laser detection, often combined with Power Supply)

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV On – Grid Off – Grid typical PV-system design

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI ® OEM for Indoor applications

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® OEM for Outdoor applications

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI®-F Solar Modules framed modules for 12V-Applications

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI THRU®, ASI OPAK® transparent and opaque building integration (BIPV) KOBE Memorial Centre, Japan, 2002Governmental Building Paul-Löbbe-Haus), Berlin, 2000 Metro Roof in New York, 2004 World‘s largest BIPV project with Thin film

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV  Integrated cell interconnection  Durable and solid monolithic construction  Fast and fully automated  Compatible with all encapsulation technologies Backsheet or a-Si/a-Si Al / Ni ASI ® module construction at SCHOTT Solar

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV  PECVD = Plasma enhanced Chemical vapor deposition  Silan, Hydrogen, Bor or Phosphor for positive doping ~ 0.3 µm ~ 0.1 µm  CVD Sputtering for Aluminum and Zink-oxide  ASI Cell isolation  TCO cell isolation  Metallization cell isolation,  Cell series interconnections and  Module rim isolations ASI ® semiconductor construction at SCHOTT Solar

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Outdoor (Standard Test Conditions STC): Max. Power in Wp at 1000 W/m² Sunlight Spectrum AM °C cell Temperature Indoor (Manufacture Specific): Max. Power in mW or µW at 200 LUX Usually fluorescence light Room temperature Conclusions: Efficiency is not the only quality feature More important is energy yield under realistic conditions Outdoor to Indoor factor x 500-1,000 higher Measuring conditions for PV-Modules Electrical Data under laboratory conditions *) 1 mW/cm2  1,250 LUX or 1,000 W/m²  125,000 LUX

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Light - Influences: Spectrum (nm) Irradiation Intensity (W/m² or LUX) Irradiation Angle Filters (Shadow, Absorption) C-Si CIS CdTe ASI Spectral Response on PV-Technologies on ASI, C-Si, CIS, CdTe (typical)

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI® Indoor Construction  Power even at low illumination down to 50 LUX  Years of unfaltering high performance Cell construction for Indoor „Singel cell PIN“

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI ® Electrical Data Indoor  In outdoor use power will stabilize max. -30% at current  Voltage very close window in different light density  Current proportional to light density, can be also used as light meter (ASI ® OEM PIN Sensor)(ASI ® OEM PIN Sensor)

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI ® Energy yield Indoor  Indoor-Outdoor = 1/1000 Power!  C-Si not for indoor use

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV  Covers a broader range of sunlight spectrum  More Energy per Wp than with crystalline solar cells at bad illumination conditions  More stable performance – also after years Cell construction for Outdoor „Double stacked cell PIN-PIN“ ASI® Outdoor Construction

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI ® Electrical Data Outdoor  Voltage very close window in different light density  Voltage comes up in low light which is better than C-Si in weak light  Current proportional to light density, can be also used as light sensor

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASI ® Energy yield Outdoor  20% more energy per Wp in comparison to C-Si in weak light or high temperature

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV  Special Solder wire has to be used for Nickel Coating  Solder points and any other open metal areas has to be sealed by Lacquer or Silicon ASI ® OEM Encapsulation

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV ASICISCdTeC-Si (poly) C-Si (mono) Power Class:µWp-100 Wp>1-80 Wp>20-80 WpmWp-260 WpmWp-300 Wp Spectrum (main response): (550) nm (700) nm (750) nm (700) nm (700) nm Irradiation intensity:> 100 LUX> 50 W/m² > 1 W/m² Field:In- / OutdoorOutdoor Irradiation angle: min 40° Interfering (Shade/Absorption): voltage drops significantly Temperature co-efficiency:P nom : -0.2 %/KP nom : -0.3 %/KP nom : -0.5 %/KP nom : %/KP nom : Efficiency cell (module): 7-8% (5-7%) 11-13% (10-12%) 11-13% (10-12%) 15% (4-13%) 17% (4-15%) Module Quality:--- / / ++ Design Flexibility:Variablefixed high vol Recycling / toxics: Vol. availability:small - massmass Characteristics on most common PV-Technologies on ASI, C-Si, CIS, CdTe (typical) (from --- = unfavorable to +++ = optimal, shaded: favorable for Mini PV systems)

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV PV quality: Cell quality (efficiency, energy yield under realistic working conditions, power stability) Module series connection (electrical shunts, accuracy, tolerances) Packaging (materials, connections, UV resistance, temperature, long term stability) Module design flexibility Tolerance fluctuation between “handmade” and automated manufactured modules Commercial quality: Availability in small and mass volumes Costs per piece or Wp Integration costs (additional or auxiliary materials, process costs) Economical drivers for PV-Systems Qualify before Product Design is fixed! Design recommendation: Balance power and module size Design appropriate shape (quad-angular) PV modules can be hidden (i.e. semi- or transparent casing, color print)

CONFIDENTIAL Autharchic Power Supply with PV Thank you!