Vertebral Column, Thorax

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Vertebral Column, Thorax HESC310 4/14/2017 Axial Skeleton: Vertebral Column, Thorax Slides by Vince Austin; figures from Marieb & Hoehn 7th and 8th eds.; modifications and some slides by W. Rose Portions copyright Pearson Education Axial Skeleton

Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage) Thoracic cage composed of Thoracic vertebrae dorsally Ribs laterally Sternum and costal cartilages anteriorly

Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage) Functions Forms protective cage around heart, lungs, and great blood vessels Supports shoulder girdles and upper limbs Provides attachment for many neck, back, chest, and shoulder muscles Uses intercostal muscles to lift and depress thorax during breathing

Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage) Figure 7.19a

Bony Thorax (Thoracic Cage) Figure 7.19b

Sternum (Breastbone) Dagger-shaped, flat bone lying in the anterior midline of thorax Results from fusion of three bones –manubrium, body, xiphoid process Anatomical landmarks include: jugular (suprasternal) notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint

Ribs Twelve pair of ribs form flaring sides of thoracic cage All ribs attach posteriorly to thoracic vertebrae Superior 7 pairs (true, or vertebrosternal ribs) attach directly to sternum via costal cartilages Ribs 8-10 (false, or vertebrocondral ribs) attach indirectly to sternum via costal cartilage Ribs 11-12 (floating, or vertebral ribs) have no anterior attachment

Ribs Figure 7.19a

Structure of a Typical True Rib Bowed, flat bone consisting of a head, neck, tubercle, and shaft Figure 7.20a

Structure of a Typical True Rib Bowed, flat bone consisting of a head, neck, tubercle, and shaft Transverse costal facet Figure 7.20b

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