The Skeleton System  Introduction  The Axial Skeleton  The Appendicular Skeleton

The Axial Skeleton  The Skull  Cranium  Face  The Vertebral Column  Cervical Vertebrae  Thoracic Vertebrae  Lumbar Vertebrae  Sacrum  Coccyx  The Thoracic Cage  Sternum  Ribs

The Axial Skeleton

Learning Objectives The Skull: The Skull:  Identify the bones of the cranium  Identify the facial bones The Vertebral Column: The Vertebral Column:  Identify the bones of the vertebral column The Thoracic Cage: The Thoracic Cage:  Identify the bones of the thoracic cage

The Skull Cranial Bones Cranial Bones Facial Bones Facial Bones

The Skull: Cranial & Facial Divisions

Cranial Bones Occipital bone* Occipital bone* Frontal bone* Frontal bone* Parietal bones Parietal bones Temporal bones* Temporal bones* Sphenoid bone* Sphenoid bone* Ethmoid bone* Ethmoid bone*

Skull To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Cranial & Facial Bones

Skull To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video runs 5 secMOV Video runs 5 sec

Cranial & Facial Bones

Skull Bones Skull Bones To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Cranial Sutures Coronal suture Coronal suture  btw/ frontal bone & parietals Sagittal suture Sagittal suture  btw/ parietal bones Lambdoidal suture Lambdoidal suture  btw/ parietals & occipital Squamosal suture Squamosal suture  btw/ parietals & temporals

Cranial Sutures

Suture Development

Infant Skull

Occipital Bone

Frontal Bone

Parietal Bones

Temporal Bones

Sphenoid Bone

Ethmoid Bone

Facial Bones Maxillary bones* Maxillary bones* Palatine bones* Palatine bones* Nasal bones Nasal bones Vomer Vomer Inferior nasal chonchae Inferior nasal chonchae Zygomatic bones Zygomatic bones Lacrimal bones Lacrimal bones Mandible* Mandible* Hyoid bone* Hyoid bone*

Cranial & Facial Bones

Facial Bones Facial Bones To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Maxillary & Palatine Bones

Vomer; Inferior Nasal Conchae; Lacrimals

Zygomatic Bones

Mandible

Hyoid Bone

Bones of the Orbit

Orbital Complex

Nasal Complex

Paranasal Sinuses Frontal sinusesFrontal sinuses –Frontal bone of cranium Maxillary sinusesMaxillary sinuses –Maxillary bone of face Sphenoid sinusesSphenoid sinuses –Sphenoid bone of cranium Ethmoid sinusesEthmoid sinuses –Ethmoid bone of cranium Palatine sinusesPalatine sinuses –Palatine bone of face

The Vertebral Column Cervical Vertebrae Cervical Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacrum Sacrum Coccyx Coccyx

Vertebral Column Vertebral Column To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video runs 5 secMOV Video runs 5 sec

Spinal Column Curvature

Vertebral Column & Rib Cage Vertebral Column & Rib Cage To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Vertebral Anatomy

Cervical Vertebrae: C1 – C7

Cervical Vertebrae Cervical Vertebrae To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Atlas & Axis Bones

Atlas & Axis Atlas & Axis To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Thoracic Vertebrae: T1 – T12

Thoracic Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Lumbar Vertebrae: L1 – L5

Lumbar Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

Sacrum: Fusion of 5 Vertebrae

Coccyx: Fusion of 3-5 Vertebrae

Sacrum & Coccyx Sacrum & Coccyx To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive

The Thoracic Cage Costal Bones Costal Bones Sternum Sternum

Costal Bones True ribs True ribs  superior 7 pairs  attached to vertebral column & directly to sternum False ribs False ribs  inferior 5 pairs  attach to vertebral column; but, indirectly to sternum Floating ribs Floating ribs  last 2 pairs of false ribs  attach only to vertebral column

Thoracic Cage

Costal Bones

Sternum Manubrium Manubrium  superior  attached to clavicles & 1 st pair of ribs Body Body  breast bone  attach to rib pairs 2 – 7 via costal cartilage Xiphoid process Xiphoid process  attaches to diaphragm & abdominal muscles

Thoracic Cage

Vertebral Column & Rib Cage Vertebral Column & Rib Cage To View 3-D Video:To View 3-D Video: –Move mouse cursor over slide title- link –When hand appears, click once MOV Video is interactiveMOV Video is interactive