Who is ? Lived: BC in Syracuse, Sicily Education: Studied in Alexandria, Egypt, under the followers of Euclid Inventions: War machines, planetarium, etc. Initiated: Hydrostatics, static mechanics, etc. Major Writings: Floating bodies, etc. 1 of 3 greatest mathematicians of all time: –Isaac Newton (English ) –Carl Freidrich Gauss (German )

What is Archimedes’ principle? An object that is partly or completely submerged in a fluid will experience a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces.

Buoyancy - Defined Buoyant force applied by the fluid on the object is directed up. –The force comes from the difference in pressure exerted on the top and bottom of an object. –For a floating object, the top surface is at atmospheric pressure, while the bottom surface is at a higher pressure because it is in contact with the fluid at a particular depth in the fluid, and pressure increases with depth. –For a completely-submerged object, the top surface is no longer at atmospheric pressure, but the bottom surface is still at a higher pressure because it's deeper in the fluid. –In both cases, the difference in pressure results in a net upward force (the buoyant force) on the object. Fb = the Buoyant force W = the weight of the replaced liquid or gas. Fb = W

Example: How does a heavy boat float? A boat, or any other object designed to float, is based on the Archimedes' Principle If you fill your bathtub with water and get in: The water rises because you "displaced" some of the water with your body and it had to go somewhere. You (or an object) must displace an amount of water which is equal to its own weight.

Example #2: Block of Wood Take a block of wood Size - 1 square foot Weight - 50 pounds Lower that wood into the water. The wood will move down into the water until it has displaced 50 pounds of water. 50 pounds of water (Force) are pushing back up on the block and making it float.

Boats - Have to have Stability However, if you (or object) want to remain inside the boat - boat must have "stability" as well Stability means that it is designed not to tip over easily. Large ship like an ocean liner or tanker, 1 person’s movement doesn't affect the stability of the ship because it was designed to safely carry lots of weight. But small boat, like a fishing boat - 1 person’s weight has an effect on the stability of the boat.

Stability Continued A boat is said to "heel" when it leans over to one side. This is why you never want to sit or step onto the side of a boat. Your weight (and/or your gear) - make it "heel" too much, tip over. Small boat, you and your gear should always stay low and to the center of the boat. When getting into a small boat, always try to step into the center and keep "one hand for yourself and one for the boat."

If you fell out, you would be fine (with life jacket on) displacing enough water to float So, you would be okay, just a little wet and cold. Just turn the boat back over, stay with the boat, blow your whistle or yell for help. So, the next time someone says "Whatever floats your boat" tell them about Archimedes and stability and why it's a very good idea to always wear your life jacket! Last - Boat Safe Tips For Losing Stability in your Boat

Thanks for the information to: SE Nassau Terrace, Stuart, FL Sponsored by International Marine Educators, Inc.

Boat Building Activity Materials - 1 piece Aluminum Foil Goal - Build a boat that will stay afloat to hold the most $ amount of money Team - Plan, Design, then Construct your Boat

Engineering Equations and Terms Surface Area (SA) = Length (L) x Width (W) Volume (V) = Length (L) x Width (W) x Height (H) or = Surface Area (SA) x Height (H) Buoyant Force - Upward force exerted by a fluid floating or submerged object. It’s directly related to the volume (size) of the object. Greater Volume - Greater Buoyant Force

Payloads - Weights and Values Penny ($0.01) grams Nickel($0.05) grams Dime ($0.10) grams Quarter($0.25) grams Penny $0.40/gram Nickel $1.00/gram Dime $4.46/gram Quarter $4.50/gram