Chapter 4 Opener

Figure 4.1 Changes in gray matter density in different regions of the brain

Figure 4.2 Progressive myelination of cortex with age

Figure 4.3 Myelin sheath coating axon

Figure 4.4 Areas of the prefrontal cortex involved in the use of rules of increasing complexity

Figure 4.5 Not all parts of the brain mature at the same rate

Figure 4.6 Risky driving when playing the game “Chicken,” either alone or with peers present

Figure 4.7 Piaget’s chemical solutions task

Box 4.1 In More Depth: Science Project

Photo, p. 110 Abstract concepts are meaningful only to students who have reached a certain level of cognitive development

Photo, p. 114 Most middle school and junior high school students need a lot of hands-on activities

Figure 4.8 Piaget’s conservation of volume task

Photo, p. 116 These adolescents contradict Piaget’s assumption that once formal thought emerges, individuals think logically all the time

Photo, p. 118 Does practicing the guitar develop intelligence?

Figure 4.9 Percentage of individuals and intelligence classifications at different points from the mean IQ of 100

Box 4.3 Research Focus: A sequential design

Figure 4.10 Example of a type of item in the picture arrangement subtest of the WAIS–R, a previous version of the WAIS–II

Photo, p. 122 Will standardized performance tests fully reveal this young woman’s abilities?

Photo, p. 123 Are males more logical and females more intuitive?

Photo, p. 125 This young woman searches her memory during a spelling competition

Photo, p. 127 Automaticity enables this adolescent to easily scan the instructions for this project

Photo, p. 128 These dancers illustrate Howard Gardner’s bodily-kinesthetic intelligence

Photo, p. 129 Science requires adolescents to put what they learn in class to the test

Photo, p. 130 Adolescents, more so than children, are aware of what they don’t know

Photo, p. 131 Adolescents assume that everyone is as preoccupied with them as they are with themselves

Photo, p. 133 (1) With early adolescence, these girls begin to relate to each other in new ways

Photo, p. 133 (2) During some discussion, this father may realize that his son’s arguments are better constructed and more difficult to refute