Human Growth & Development Grade 5

Ground Rules One person speaks at a time. Raise your hand when you want a chance to speak and wait to be called. Respect people’s privacy by saying, “I know someone who…” instead of saying the person’s name. It’s OK to pass – you don’t have to contribute unless you want to

Ground Rules 2 Respect others’ opinions – listen, consider, and keep communication open Be mature and try to control the ‘sillies’ Remember: the only stupid question is the one that isn’t asked

Today we will talk about… Hygiene Emotions Puberty What is puberty? What causes puberty?

Goal This is an introduction to puberty and the physiological and emotional changes that occur. This is an introduction and we encourage you to have further discussions at home.

Remember, no question is a silly question.

What is puberty? Stage of life when the body changes to enable it to reproduce life.

Hormones are responsible for the physical and emotional changes young people experience during adolescence. Puberty is the time in life when young people start changing physically and emotionally into young adults.

There must be something wrong with you if you don’t change like your friends. Personal hygiene needs change as you start experiencing puberty. Acne I can talk to my parents about puberty to get accurate information. Proper sleep and nutrition are important during adolescence.

What is the endocrine system? Although we rarely think about them, the glands of the endocrine system and the hormones they release influence almost every cell, organ, and function of our bodies. The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating mood, growth and development, tissue function, and metabolism, as well as sexual function and reproductive processes. In general, the endocrine system is in charge of body processes that happen slowly, such as cell growth. Faster processes like breathing and body movement are controlled by the nervous system. But even though the nervous system and endocrine system are separate systems, they often work together to help the body function properly.

Endocrine System Pituitary Gland: It is the master gland that controls other glands and secretes many hormones. It is pea sized and located in the brain behind the eyes. It is responsible for releasing hormones (estrogen in females and testosterone in boys) that signal the onset of puberty. Thyroid Gland: Consists of two lobes (parts) located on either side of the windpipe. The thyroid controls metabolism (the rate at which the body burns fuel – food). During puberty, appetite often increases due to rapid growth which requires more fuel.

Endocrine System Pancreas: Produces insulin, a hormone that allows the body to digest glucose (sugar) to provide energy for all bodily functions. Adrenal Glands: Two glands located in the lower back that attach to the top of the kidneys. The adrenal glands produce adrenaline and other hormones enabling the body to respond to stress and danger. Testes (Males): Located externally in the lower pelvis in males only. Two oval shaped testes are also part of the reproductive system which release sperm, male reproductive cells.

Movie Time!

Male Reproductive Anatomy Testicles: Male gland in which sperm and sex hormones like testosterone are produced. Scrotum: the pouch of skin that contains the testicles. Vas Defense: the tube that carries sperm from the testicles. Urethra: the duct through which urine and semen are discharged from the body, although not at the same time.

Male Reproductive Anatomy Penis: male organ that allows a male to pass urine and semen from the body. Seminal Vesicles: a pair of simple tubular glands that add a fructose fluid to semen; this fluid provides nutrient energy for sperm. Prostate Gland: male gland located below the bladder that adds a chemical fluid to semen.

Body Image

During puberty, body image can be a main focus of self image because of the rapid physical changes. Some may feel uncomfortable, self-conscious, insecure or dissatisfied. These issues can be emotionally difficult to handle. Remember, there is no way to control the changes.

Body Image Recognize your strengths: Explore your strengths and talents by thinking about what you do well and enjoy. It may be a particular sport, an artistic talent or academic strength. Develop an exercise routine: Find a form of physical activity that you enjoy and make it a part of your routine. Exercise can make you look and feel good.

Respect Yourself: Taking care of yourself contributes to a healthy self image. Practice healthy habits (proper nutrition, stress management hygiene. Be Yourself: Your body is just one part of your identity. Your personality talents, values and feelings are other attributes that make you unique. Handle yourself in a responsible manner that is respectful to yourself and others.

Growing Up Healthy

Personal Hygiene

Face Care Many facial cleaners and acne products. Wash face at least 2 times per day Acne: triggered by hormones Appear on face, chest upper back May start beginning of puberty continue through adolescence Avoid picking, can cause scarring If severe seek help from dermatologist.

Bathing Necessary to bathe more frequently during adolescence to stay fresh and clean. Always use soap to get clean and reduce bacteria that can lead to body odor.

Deodorant/Anti-Per spirant Deodorants reduce odor and should be used daily after bathing Many brands (roll on, aerosol, gel) Experiment with the different products and find one that works for you. Anti-Per spirant: reduces perspiration.

Dental Care Proper dental care is important for maintaining healthy teeth and gums for controlling bad breath. Brush at least 2 times per day Floss at least once per day

Shaving Variety of products Many kinds of razors Many kinds of cream After shave lotions Try many to find which is right for you.

Nutrition Healthy diet promotes physical and mental well- being.

Physical Activity Exercise has a positive physical and mental effects. Exercise releases endorphins which elevate mood and improve energy. Playing sports has social benefits with friends. Helps weight management Promotes fitness and muscle strength.