Washington – Jefferson

1788 – Washington unanimously elected president. Two terms VIDEOVIDEO Washington inaugurated in Philadelphia, Penn. Capital moved to NYC [Center of $ and Trade] Administration First Administration installed: Judiciary Act of 1789 John Jay, First Supreme Court Justice 6 Fellow Judges System of Federal Courts [13 for the 13 states]

Presidential Cabinet OfficeSecretary The State Department Thomas Jefferson The War Department Henry Knox The Treasury Department Alexander Hamilton The Attorney General Edmund Randolph

Established the Federal Court system Made the Supreme Court the highest court in the U.S. “Federal Law is Supreme” President George Washington appointed John Jay the 1 st Chief Justice

First Chief Justice ( ) Federalist Sent to England in and negotiated Jay’s Treaty Resigned from the court in 1795 to become governor of New York

Washington’s Treasury Secretary Federalist Party Wanted to build a financially strong and independent US, especially for US industry and business

Washington’s Secretary of State Democratic- Republican Party Wanted to protect states’ rights, US- French relations Resigned in 1793

Washington’s Secretary of War Famous hero of the Revolutionary War Ft. Knox (in Kentucky) is named after him: Forts are used in WAR Died from swallowing a chicken bone

Washington’s Attorney General Later became Secretary of State after Jefferson’s resignation, but had to resign himself in 1795 after a scandal where he had been providing insider advice to the French government on how to deal with Pres. Washington

National Debt = $52 Million No Navy No Army British to the North Spanish and Indians to the South and West

Create a National Bank National Debt- Debt from AOC Assume state debts Combine and sell in the stock market… Tariffs Tax on imported goods National Taxes Reminiscent of British Taxes = No Bueno!

Video: Hamilton v. JeffersonHamilton v. Jefferson Whiskey Rebellion Local tax on western Penn. distilleries. Locals start uprisings and attacking tax collectors Washington calls on Militia and they end the issues Important why? It set the tone that little rebellions would no longer be tolerated and would be dealt with severely. It set the tone that little rebellions would no longer be tolerated and would be dealt with severely. “These ‘Democratic Societies’ [are] attempting to destroy the best fabric of human government and happiness…” - George Washington

The issue of Constitutional Interpretations Loose Interpretation: Loose Interpretation: Implied Powers General Welfare of all Strict Interpretation: Strict Interpretation: Explicit Powers Sectional & Marginal influence A clear separation in ideals and platforms… A compromise on the Capital’s location seals deal. The Hamilton’s Plan Video

Federalist Democratic – Republicans HamiltonJefferson - Madison Strong centralized governmentStrong state governments Economy based on industry and trade Economy based on agriculture Pro-BritishPro-French Loose Constitutional Construction Strict Constitutional Construction

Ohio Valley Round One: Little Turtle vs. St. Clair 1791 Washington sends General St. Clair… Lost… badly. Round Two: Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794 Anthony Wayne vs. Indian Confederation Wayne Wins Treaty of Greenville Opened Northwest Territory to peaceful settlement

July 14 th, 1789 Revolution begins Quickly turns violent and bloody Edmond Genet France turns to U.S. for aid by sending Edmond Genet. Washington refuses because the Revolution is too violent and the US is not in a place financially or otherwise to get into War. Video

Important because of the effects on US Citizens. France Set out to enlist soldiers against Washington's orders to stay out of the conflict. England Impressment Impressment: Boarding a ship and commanding those on board to serve in your army. Jay’s Treaty: 1794 Jay’s Treaty: 1794 England would release remaining American Forts US would repay pre-war debts British keep restrictions on US trade ships in the Atlantic

Thomas Pinckney- Ambassador to Spain Pinckney's Treaty 1795 Allowed US access to Mississippi River for trading. Unblocked barricades to New Orleans

Precedents Precedents [President] Neutrality in Foreign Affairs 2-term Presidency Use of Force To Enforce The Law (Whiskey Rebellion) Calling the Cabinet to Offer Advice How to address the President (he came up with the title President.) First to be inaugurated “So help me God” First to make inauguration speech