MVT Deposits (Mississippi Valley Type Deposits).

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Metal Solubility and Speciation. Metal Concentrations in Ore Fluids LA-ICPMS Fluid Inclusion Data Skarns Zn 5000 – 10,000 ppm Pb 500 – 5,000 ppm Ag 5.
Advertisements

Magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr Deposits
Chapter 13 Preview Multiple Choice Short Answer
Ores Principally we discuss ores as sources of metals However, there are many other resources bound in minerals which we find useful How many can we think.
Ground Water: Water Flowing Underground
CONTENTS S.No. TOPIC PAGE No. 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2
Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks Physical Geology, Chapter 6
AIM: How are Sedimentary Rocks Formed?
GEOL 1307 Physical Geology Exercise #6 Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Lecture Outlines Physical Geology, 13/e
Sedimentary rocks Geology 103. Making sediment Weathering = rock breakdown into smaller rock, or minerals, or chemicals Sediment = result of weathering.
Sedimentary Rocks. Formed by the compaction and cementation of sediments (small pieces of rock and living things).
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. FORMATION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition of material at the Earth's surface.
Vocabulary  Topography: The landscape of a place  Precipitation: The process of forming rock from a solution through evaporation.
CBH Resources Limited The Geology of the Endeavor Mine - an update - Peter Nicholson, Don Smith and Vanadis Mares.
Essential Questions How can the different types of clastic sedimentary rocks be described? How do chemical sedimentary rocks form? What are biochemical.
Chemistry 123 – Dr. Woodward Qualitative Analysis of Metallic Elements Ag +, Pb 2+, Bi 3+ Cu 2+, Al 3+, Cr 3+ Ni 2+, Co 2+, Zn 2+ Sb 3+ /Sb 5+ Sn 2+ /Sn.
Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide (VMS) Deposits
Epithermal Deposits.
Metal Solubility and Speciation. ++ -- ++ ++ -- ++ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ++ -- ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ -- ++
Rocks The Geologic Dictionary. Rock Cycle Magma Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Sediment Crystallization Melting Metamorphism Lithification.
Chemical Basis for Formation of Ores How do we get a lot of one element in a small place? Ore: a body of rock with a relatively high concentration of an.
Important Types of Ore Deposits. Affect of Elements on Mineral Color The major factors responsible for the production of color in minerals fall into five.
BCE Time (years) CE Stone Age Bronze ageIron Age The ages of civilization and Metal Consumption.
The K sp of chromium (III) iodate in water is 5.0 x Estimate the molar solubility of the compound. Cr(IO 3 ) 3 (s)  Cr 3+ (aq) + 3 IO 3 - (aq)
Ore deposit environments

Copyright © 2014 All rights reserved, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Earth Systems 3209 Unit: 3 Earth’s Materials Reference: Chapters 2, 3, 6,
Sedimentary Rocks. Basic Geologic Principles Principle of Superposition: Younger sedimentary and volcanic rocks are deposited on top of older rocks. Principle.
Ores Principally we discuss ores as sources of metals However, there are many other resources bound in minerals which we find useful How many can we think.
Energy Resources. Uranium (U) – used for nuclear power Has a Minimum Concentration Factor > 1000 Source Rock – Igneous U is leached (dissolved) into groundwater.
Prof. dr hab. inż. Krystian Probierz Faculty of Mining and Geology Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Oulu, 15 May 2014 Mining and mineral resources.
CH 23: METALS. METALS Chapter 23 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Opaque Good conductors of ______ and __________ High ___________ and __________ Metallic.
Measuring Metal Release Rate from an Arsenopyrite Sample Chemistry of Metal Sulfide Minerals.
METALS IN PENNSYLVANIAN BLACK SHALES FROM ORE FLUIDS NOT FROM SEAWATER rmc Illi no is M ETALS IN P ENNSYLVANIAN BLACK SHALES FROM ORE.
CuCu Ag Industrial process: mining, processing - flotation, smelting - electrolysis Cu, Ag.
Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 6. What Are Sediments? Loose particulate material In order of decreasing size.
 Economic Minerals – minerals that can be extracted, processed, and marketed at a profit. Factors: -interest in the mineral, -size of the deposit, -mineral.
Porphyry Deposits.
Metal Deposits  The specification states that you should be able to:  a) Explain the low crustal abundances of metallic minerals; show an understanding.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3. Definition Rock that forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together.
Sedimentary Petrology GEO 333 Lab (2) Basic Classification 2009 Mansour Al-Hashim.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Dissociation Dissociation is separation of ions that occurs when.
K sp = [M x+ ] [N x– ] Solubility Equilibria -- involve the dissolution or precipitation of “insoluble” salts Consider a saturated solution of a typical.
Lecture Outlines Physical Geology, 14/e
AIM: How are Sedimentary Rocks Formed? Do Now: Take out your ESRT and turn to page 7. Look at the chart called Scheme for Sedimentary Rock identification.
Chapter 24 Sulfides and related minerals Hydrothermal processes.
Leaching Reagents H.Naderi, Mining Engineering Department, Yazd University, 2011.
Sedimentary Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks are #1 Earth’s crust was made of IGNEOUS rocks But 75% of the rocks on the Earth’s crust are SEDIMENTARY! Why?
Water-rock interactions To concentrate a material, water must: –Transport the ions –A ‘trap’ must cause precipitation in a spatially constrained manner.
Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks Formation and Characteristics
Lecture Outlines Physical Geology, 12/e
Inside Earth Chapter 5 Review Rocks. Section 1 Classifying Rocks What doe geologists observe when studying rocks? Texture Grains Grain size Shape Pattern.
Types of Sedimentary Rocks Section 6.2. Clastic Most common Most common Form from abundant sediments at Earth’s surface Form from abundant sediments at.
Table of Contents Title: Types of Sedimentary Rocks Page #: 42 Date: 12/3/2012 Title: Types of Sedimentary Rocks Page #: 42 Date: 12/3/2012.
Get your notebook ready!. Today we’ll investigate… The rock cycle Minerals Next Week… Rock cycle Lab TEST!
Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks
Uranium Deposits. Geography of U Deposits – USA States with mineable resources States currently producing U 3 O 8.
Characteristics of VMS Deposits VMS deposits are major sources of Cu and Zn and significant quantities of Au, Ag, Pb, Se, Cd, Bi, Sn as well as minor amounts.
SEDEX Deposits (Sedimentary Exhalative).
Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide (VMS) Deposits
Mississippi Valley-type deposits (MVT)
المحاليل الحرمائيه ورواسبها Hydrothermal Solutions and their Mineral Deposits الخامات والرواسب المعدنيه الحرمائيه هى تلك الرواسب التى تتكون بواسطه محاليل.
SEDEX Deposits (Sedimentary Exhalative).
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3.
ROCKS ROCK Classified on the basis of FORMATION 3 Types Sedimentary
Exam 3 Review Sedimentary Rocks: clastic rocks- shale, siltstone, sandstone (various types), conglomerate/breccia; biochemical-limestone; chemical- sulfates.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3.
Salt-containing systems
Presentation transcript:

MVT Deposits (Mississippi Valley Type Deposits)

Spalerite-galena-bearing breccia MVT Ores Sphalerite and Galena in brecciated, dolomitized limestone Spalerite-galena-bearing breccia Sphalerite Galena

Distribution of MVT Deposits

Zn-Pb Reserves and Production by Deposit Type

Grade and Tonnage Data for MVT Deposits

The MVT Districts of the SE United States

Geological Setting of Pine Point

Pine Point Ore and Host Textures Dolomitized Limestone Breccia infilled by sulphides Oil seeps Sphalerite-galena ore

Cross-section through the Pine Point Deposit

Cartoon of the Robb Lake MVT Deposit, Yukon

Karst Formation

Fluid Inclusion Data Th: 125 – 200 oC Salinity : ~ 15wt% NaCl eq. 2-Phase Aqueous Inclusions Oil-bearing aqueous inclusions Asphaltene Oil

Composition of MVT Fluids

Sulphur Isotopic Composition of MVT Deposits

Zinc Speciation in Aqueous Liquid 1 m NaCl

Solubility of Sphalerite as a Function of Temperature and pH (Based on data of Ruaya and Seward 1986; Tagirov and Seward, 2010) 350 2m NaCl 0.01 mΣS SVP 300 Soluble 250 200 Temperature ºC Insoluble 150 10 ppm 100 ppm 1000 ppm 10000 ppm 100 50 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 pH

Zinc Speciation in Aqueous Liquid

A constraint on MVT Ore Formation Can reduced sulphur be transported with zinc? Metalliferous brine containing 15 wt.% NaCl and 1000 ppm Zn Sphalerite will precipitate even in the presence of vanishingly small concentrations of H2S. Ore metals and reduced sulphur must be transported separately. Williams-Jones and Migdisov (2014)

Towards a genetic model for MVT Pb-Zn deposits

Genetic Model for MVT Deposits Oil and then brine released from clastic sedimentary basin Dissolution of reefal limestone creates porosity (Karst) Oil leaves residues in limestone Basinal brine leaches Pb, Zn from sandstones, shales Basinal brine transports metals to porous limestone reef; dolomitizes limestone Backreef brine transport sulphate to reef Galena and sphalerite deposit as a result of mixing of metalliferous brine with sulphate-bearing brine, reduced by interaction with oil residues. ZnCl+ + SO42- = ZnS + Cl- + 2O2 PbCl+ + SO42- = PbS + Cl- + 2O2