1 Tom Acker Associate Professor Mechanical Engineering The WRAP Tribal Renewables Report and The WRAP Tribal Efficiency Report

2 Outline u NAU Team u Chronology of tribal reports u Tribal Renewables Report u Tribal Efficiency Report u The Next Steps

3 NAU Team: Tom Acker, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Bill Auberle, Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Earl Duque, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering John Eastwood, Lecturer, Economics William Jeffery, Environmental Attorney David LaRoche, Program Director, Center for Sustainable Environments, also, U.S. EPA – Clean Air Act in Indian country Virgil Masayesva, Director, Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals Amanda Ormond, Principal, The Ormond Group Dean Smith, Assoc Professor, Economics and Applied Indigenous Studies Oversight:WRAP AP2 Forum Tribal Interests Working Group

4 The Tribal Reports: Chronology u Tribal Renewables Report –December 2000 Initiated –May 2001: Draft –April 2002: Final Draft (Under Review) u Tribal Efficiency Report –September 2001 Initiated –June 2002 Preliminary Draft –August 2002 Draft u ICF Modeling of Impacts –IPM, REMI; ICF visit November 2001 u Overall Summary Report – AP2 State & Tribal: Tellus; July 2002

5 Tribal Renewables Report u Motivation for Renewable Energy (RE) development u Recommendations to tribal leaders u Resource for tribal staff u Wind, Solar, Geothermal, Biomass, Low-impact Hydro

6 u Assessment of Tribal Energy Issues –ITEP Assessment: 14 tribes –NAREEP Survey: 27 tribes u Extensive Literature Survey –Tribal economic development, energy, opportunities, barriers u Formulation of Potential Actions & Recommendations u Draft Report –Policy and program recommendations –Public review; 17 solicited reviews Yurok Tribe, CA Off-grid PV installation Study Methodology

7 Important Findings u Lack of energy infrastructure –Organizational –Physical u Great interest in RE and Energy Efficiency (EE) u RE development  Economic development u New electrification u Energy independence, tribal sovereignty u Cultural preservation u State Actions  less applicable

8 u Two Classifications of Recommendations  Options for Individual Tribal Implementation  Options for Collaborative Implementation RE Recommendations

9 u Develop a tribal energy policy u Establish an energy authority u Establish an independent tribal Economic Development Corporation u Initiate energy training and education programs u Expedite the permitting process for RE u Develop a TIP that includes RE u Develop RE resources to improve electric service and for economic development Options for Individual Tribal Implementation Navajo-Hopi Solar Photovoltaic

10 u Develop inter-tribal energy collaborations u Create partnerships with independent power producers u Require federal facilities on tribal lands use some RE u Request funding of existing statutes u Expand federal “Buy Indian” program u Support federal RPS and tax credits u Equivalent “tax credits” u Tribal SO 2 emissions credits u Explore state-tribal agreements Options for Collaborative Implementation

11 u WRAP/RHR Background u Baseline Information –What counts as RE –RE info in a TIP u Tribal Energy Issues and Perspectives –RE Projects on NA Lands –Tribal Energy Perspectives –Analysis of Tribal RE Development u Potential and Recommended Actions u Appendices –RHR Fact Sheet –RE Systems and Resources –RE Resource Maps –Information Sources –WRAP Tribes Report Content

12 u Abundance of Wind – 60 reservations  Class 5 ICF modeling  highest penetration of RE is wind u Solar – most tribes with a developable resource u Biomass – majority of tribes with a developable resource u Geothermal – about 20 reservations with a resource u Resource Tables Opportunities for RE

13 The Tribal Efficiency Report u Motivation for Energy Efficiency (EE) u Recommendations to tribal leaders u Resource for tribal staff u EE – maximizing the efficient utilization of energy while minimizing the costs Flathead Reservation, MT

14 u Build on Tribal RE research u EE literature survey u Case Studies: - Pasqua Yaqui in So. Arizona - Yurok tribe in No. California - Confederated Salish and Kootenai tribes in Montana u Formulation of Potential Actions & Recommendations u Draft Report Yurok Tribe, CA Off-grid PV installation Study Methodology Ke’pel Headstart facility on the Yurok reservation

15 Important Findings u Lack of energy infrastructure –Needed to implement EE program u Great opportunity for EE –Numerous older buildings –Significant growth in electrical load expected u EE  can free significant financial resources for other uses u State EE measures  many are applicable

16 u Three Classifications of Recommendations  Tribal Sponsored Programs  Collaborative Program Improvements in Tribal Energy Conservation  Tribal Leadership Beyond Tribal Lands Recommendations Mission Valley Power on the Flathead Reservation

17 u Adopt a Tribal Energy Plan u Establish a Tribal Energy Authority u Hire an Energy Manager u Adopt Energy Efficient Building Codes u Initiate education programs u Create a TIP that includes EE Tribal Sponsored Programs NAU Students Tehachapi, CA

18 u Collaborative Programs - Inter-tribal collaborations - Require federal facilities employ EE - Participate in federal programs  Weatherization Assistance Program  DOE Rebuild America u Tribal Leadership - Support Demand Side Management (DSM) progrmas - Support national EE standards Recommendations - continued

19 u WRAP/RHR Background u Baseline Information –What is EE? –Benefits and economic analysis –Implementation of EE u Case Study Results u Potential EE programs u Recommended Actions u Appendices Report Content

20 u Easily obtainable: - 10% savings in electricity costs u Possibly obtainable: - 50% savings in electricity costs Opportunity for EE 1997 data on energy consumption and expenditure for major energy sources in Indian households (EIA 2000)

21 The Next Steps… u Seek funding for tribal energy staff u Establish/develop tribal energy programs u RE and EE training programs u RE and EE Workshops and conferences with focus on tribal issues u Tribal participation in federal and state legislative or regulatory processes pertaining to RE and EE u Others…

22 Questions? From 2002 Wind Powering America Calendar Photo Credit: Lloyd Herziger, Enron Wind/PIX10653 NREL Photo Library

23 NREL Resource Maps -Created for each WRAP State -Tribal Boundaries, Transmission Lines -Wind,Biomass, Solar PV, Concentrating Solar, Geothermal

24 Resource Tables - Developed from resource maps - One table for each state in the WRAP region New Mexico tribal lands and renewable energy resources

25 Specific EE Measures Sectors: residential, commercial/institutional, industrial, policy Developed from programs recommended for states.

26

27 WRAP Region

28 WRAP Membership Tribal* Pueblo of Acoma Campo Band of Kumeyaay Indians Cortina Indian Rancheria Hopi Tribe Hualapai Nation of the Grand Canyon Nez Perce Tribe Northern Cheyenne Tribe Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Pueblo of San Felipe Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of Fort Hall State Alaska Arizona California Colorado Idaho Montana New Mexico North Dakota Oregon South Dakota Utah Washington Wyoming Federal U.S. Dept. of Agriculture U.S. Dept. of Interior U.S. EPA Staffed by: Western Governor’s Association National Tribal Environmental Council * There are 237 Tribes in the WRAP region