Question: To what extent was European imperialism a positive force for African cultural, political and economic development?

Preparation: 15 Minutes Read and Understand the question Read and Analyze the Documents Brainstorm & Outline: Do Not write a complete rough draft!

Brainstorm positive and negative effects Loss of land to Europeans Loss of independence/slavery (paternalism) Loss of life: new diseases, warfare with Europeans, famine due to cash crop economy Loss of culture (assimilation) Division of continent = increased tribal conflict Lower tribal warfare Increased sanitation, health Schools=formal education Increased life-span Improved technology: railroads, roads, telegraph etc… Export crops = increased income Access to new manufactured goods

Historical Context: Imperialism in Africa ran from roughly 1885-1960’s Define Terms: clearly establish what imperialism was, and the European motives for colonizing Africa

Road Map Introduce and define terms Establish historical context Establish 3 areas to analyze: economic, political, cultural development

Thesis Statement #1: European imperialism had an overall negative effect on Africa’s development.

Thesis Statement #2: European imperialism had both positive and negative effects on Africa’s development.

Thesis statement #3: Although economic growth and political stability were outcomes of European imperialism in Africa, these positive effects are outweighed by the loss of life, freedom, and culture suffered by African peoples.

Use of Documents: Place in Context Note potential bias (Doc 2) Transition into and out of Analyze/Interpret

Non-Document Knowledge: The Berlin Conference Social Darwinism Forms of Imperial control: Colony, protectorate etc… Assimilation Paternalism King Leopold in the Congo Effects of cash crop economy King Menelik

Structure: 4 or 5 paragraphs Topic Sentences Transitions

Analysis: The art of mentioning: As a result of the 1885 Berlin Conference colonial boundaries exacerbated tribal conflict, leading to political chaos and instability.

Extension Connect this topic to a future historical event African independence was a natural extension for this DBQ Example: European imperialism had long lasting effects on Africa. As new African nations emerge in the late 20th century, their development will greatly impacted by the colonial legacy.