Renaissance Christian Humanist vs. Machiavellian world views

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Renaissance Christian Humanist vs. Machiavellian world views

Great Chain of Being Belief structure from middle ages Came from Ptolemaic system with earth at the center Hierarchical system with God and angels above, man in the middle, and animals, plants, minerals on the bottom. Within each species, same hierarchy, with King on the top, then nobles, moneyed middle-class, then peasants

Great Chain of Being System of Order, corresponding with belief in predestination, God has plan for world Order can be thrown into chaos if hierarchy not adhered to, if subjects rebel against monarch, sons against fathers Suggests everyone has purpose or role in life, should use reason and/or to find and fulfill purpose

Humanist views To the Christian belief system, the Renaissance added the Humanist beliefs of self-determinism. There was still an Ideal beyond the world as we know it, but we were to strive to reach that Ideal (or at least be worthy of it) Thus two supposed opposites, predestination and free will, were combined in the Renaissance Christian Humanist belief system The Renaissance Christian Humanist’s purpose was to make of himself his ideal Self

Humanist beliefs There is an Ideal Love (capital “L”) which is only possible in a timeless world of no change Our real world love (lower case “l”) is an imperfect reflection of that Ideal Love; it shows us what to strive for, though we cannot achieve it The same is true of Identity: there is an ideal person we could be, the perfect Self The real world self is weak and sinful but by striving to be a better person, using his reason and faith, he can work toward his potential Self

Language Renaissance Christian Humanist -- poetry Metaphoric or figurative language used to illustrate place in hierarchies Since Sun and King are on top of their respective groups, they are joined together through metaphor Metaphoric or figurative language used to illustrate place in hierarchies Machiavellian – prose Scientific, logical language used to show importance of reason

Great Chain of Being system of analogy King Nobles Professionals Trade workers Peasants Sun Moon Planets Stars fire air water earth Lion Leopard Fox Squirrel Yellow bile Blood Phlegm Black Bile Angels Man Animals Plants Minerals Reason, will (head/brain) Fancy, emotion (trunk/heart) Five senses (leg/liver)

Tutor Myth History as mirror, moral lesson Great Chain of Being defines man’s existance Nature understood through Bible Language of analogy State microcosm of Divine world Divine Right of Kings Time and change moving toward perfection; vertical concept of time Identity is temporal role moving toward spiritual essence (Ideal Self).

Machiavellian World View History natural cycle No overarching plan, chance or fortune only Nature understood through science, reason Language is scientific, logical State/politics based on power not right (privilege or correctness) Time and change cyclical, not advancing Identity plural, who we are in which situation or time, we can play many roles