| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Newspaper Resources in transition: Digital Preservation and Access - keynote - IFLA International Newspaper Conference 2010 at IGNCA, New Delhi in India during 26th February to 28th February, 2010 "Digital Preservation and Access to news and views” Reinhard Altenhöner German National Library 1

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Some general changes  Google has digitized 10 Mill. books  Scientific publishers, such as Elesevier, Springer and most others offer their journals online – currently and backwards  November 2007: Amazon has released the Kindle eBook reader 2009: at Christmas more eBooks were sold than paper versions  Apple: iPad and will offer eBooks very likely via their iTunes platform. 2

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section |  Newspaper market worldwide: ca 480 mio items a day, but decreasing  Especially the income from advertisement decreases.  Since 2005 clear: Crisis of newspapers in printed form  “Winner”: the Internet – really?  Long-Term Study of german public television agency on the usage of media:  2000: 30 minutes newspaper / 13 minutes internet  2005: 44 minutes Internet / 28 minutes newspaper Changes in area of newspapers 3c

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section |

The answer: Be present in the internet! E-paper or E-Newspaper  2001 German „Rhein-Zeitung“ was the first one, which published a daily e-paperRhein-Zeitung  Now most of the newspapers have their e-paper  Usually close to the printed version Online-Newspaper  Published in the Internet only  Example: Spiegel (since 1994 October 25th), one day later: Time Magazine)  Often: Mixes in the editorial staff, but in principal independent from each other 5

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | German market  Ca. 760 newspapers, 24.5 mio items per day  Online: 658 german e-papers / online-Newspapers  A lot of them with Web 2.0 features, multimedia- elements; more than 25% offer optimised versions for mobile devices  But: only less then items a day as payed- service  problems to generate a self-substantial market 6

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | German National Library: Collecting and archiving, providing permanent access  Publications issued in Germany since 1913  Special collections  Digital "hand-hold" publications (CD-ROM, DVD, floppies)  Since June 22, 2006: Online- / Net- publications are covered by a new law  Collection of e-theses, e-journals, e-books, newsletters, results from digitisation projects, electronic publications, Web-Sites 7c

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | * 196 b.c. - † not yet * † 2010 (?) The problem of the digital age

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Archiving the bit stream  Digital information is stored as a bit stream on physical media  Storage media types change quickly and are subject to obsolescence  Storage media are unstable and can degrade quickly  So we need  Stability of the data-carrier  Continuous copying (refreshing)  Migration of the data carrier e.g. magnetic  optical  Risk management 9

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Conclusion: the challenge of LTP Bit-stream Hard- and Software to read Hard- and Software to interpret Hard- and Software to display Metadata 10

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Preservation challenges  Huge number of publications in the web  Newspaper publications are being delivered in different file formats, often containing interactive elements  Fragmented and linked information, dynamic ressources like websites, boards, blogs, mailings,...)  Innovative file formats have been encouraged over the years  3-D images & simulations  Embedded audio and video  Executables  First file types are no longer accessible 11

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section |  Not all digital materials can be collected & preserved.  different selection traditions in memory institutions / data archives  Need  to identify relevant producers, collections, domains  for machine-based support & communication  for cooperation to share the work - national and international Selection & indexing Challenges (1) 12

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section |  Ensuring as much of the original „look and feel“ as possible & preserving the context  Covering copyright regulations  Conservation of binary data: bit stream- preservation  Access to the content: permanent action necessary  Migration (regular conversion)  Emulation (re-enacting used systems) Ensuring permanent access Challenges (2) 13c

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section |  Maintaining authenticity throughout the digital life cycle means working closely together with different groups:  Creators or producers  Hosts and their users  Long term preservation institutions  Access providers  Should be done by local/dedicated contact persons Authenticity Challenges (3) 14

| IFLA2010. Newspaper Section | Reinhard Altenhöner 15