Plate Tectonics. Major Divisions of Earth Plate Tectonics.

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Presentation transcript:

Plate Tectonics

Major Divisions of Earth Plate Tectonics

Different Properties Plate Tectonics

Rigid Plate Tectonics Plastic

The outer layer is the thinnest = Crust Two kinds of Crust Plate Tectonics

continental crust : thicker, light (granite) oceanic : thinner, dense (basalt) Plate Tectonics 2.7g/cm³ 3.3 g/cm³

Each Tectonic Plate: Oceanic crust or Oceanic & Continental crust Plate Tectonics

Each Tectonic Plate: Oceanic crust or Oceanic & Continental crust (none with continent only) Plate Tectonics

Oceanic crust or Oceanic & Continental crust Plate Tectonics

Active continental margin: leading edge of plate (earthquakes, volcanoes, steep mountains) Plate Tectonics

Passive continental margin: trailing edge of continent (eroded mountains, flat plains, little activity) Plate Tectonics

Active margin Passive margin

Plate Tectonics Classification of Plate Boundaries

Plate Tectonics I. Divergent Boundaries : tension = pull  apart normal faults

Plate Tectonics I. Divergent Boundaries : tension = pull  apart normal faults

Plate Tectonics I. Divergent Boundaries : new ocean crust formed mid-ocean ridge with a rift valley down the middle

Plate Tectonics I. Divergent Boundaries : young basin

Plate Tectonics I. Divergent Boundaries : mature basin

Plate Tectonics I.Convergent Boundaries : compression = push  together reverse faults

Plate Tectonics I.Convergent Boundaries : compression = push  together reverse faults

Plate Tectonics I.Convergent Boundaries : folding & uplift earthquakes

Plate Tectonics Three kinds of Convergent Margins (Crust Type) oc - oc oc - cont. cont. - cont.

Plate Tectonics IIa. Ocean - Ocean deep sea trench subduction zone (recyle) volcanoes & uplift

Aleutians, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia

Plate Tectonics IIb. Ocean - Continent deep sea trench subduction zone (recycle ocean side) volcanoes & major uplift

Plate Tectonics IIb. Ocean - Continent

Andes, Cascades

Plate Tectonics IIc. Continent - Continent collision no subduction, no vulconism (can't recyle continents) heat & pressure, folding & major uplift

Plate Tectonics IIc. Continent - Continent

Himalayas

Plate Tectonics III. Transform Plate boundaries shear = sliding past in opposite directions lateral movement with earthquakes

Plate Tectonics III. Transform Plate boundaries California San Andreas fault