World History Unit 3 An Age of Exchange and Encounter: 500 to A.D. 1500

Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, A.D. Section 1 Two Great Dynasties in China

12 CHAPTER Empires in East Asia, 600–1350 Time Line Tang Dynasty begins 300-year rule in China. Scholar-officials managed the Tang government. 794 Heian period begins in Japan. 935 Koryu Dynasty controls Korea. 960 Song Dynasty established in China Kamakura shogunate rules Japan Kublai Khan conquers China.

Two Great Dynasties in China Objectives To identify the main rulers of the Tang Dynasty and the extent of their empire. To describe the causes and effects of the Song family’s flight south. To summarize the achievements of the Tang and Song empires. To describe changes in Chinese society. Vocabulary: Tang Taizong, Wu Zhao, movable type, gentry

The Tang Dynasty Expands China Sui Wendi AD –united China after 350 years –completion of Grand Canal Tang Dynasty AD –Tang Taizong reconquered former Han lands –Manchuria to Vietnam –Wu Zhao only female emperor in China oversaw Korea addition networks of roads and canals prospered thru foreign trade Confucianism reform –civil service exams Fall due to crushing taxes

Song Dynasty Restores China Song Dynasty AD –smaller than Tang –paid tribute to invaders forced to flee south by Jurchen –rapid economic growth trade with Asia and Europe Most Populous and Advanced –movable type used more than once –gunpowder –porcelain –mechanical clock –paper money –magnetic compass

Song Dynasty Restores China Agriculture –two rice crops annually Trade –Silk Road –greatest sea power Buddhism; tea Art –Li Bo - life’s pleasures natural landscapes Society –social mobility –social advancement civil service system gentry - upper class

Objectives Assessment 1. Who were the Tang’s main rulers? 2. Why did the Song family retreat south? What was the effect of the flight? 3. What are some of the achievements of the Tang and Song Empires? 4. What were some changes in Chinese society?

Two Great Dynasties in China Section 1 Assessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Explain the similarities and differences between the Tang and Song dynasties. Song OnlyTang Only Both Expanded the empire, had a female ruler, reformed the civil service Prospered through trade, improved agriculture, created great art and literature Ruled smaller empire, developed into great sea power, created paper money and movable type

Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, A.D. Section 3 Empire of the Great Khan

Objectives To summarize Kublai Khan’s conquest of China. To describe Mongol rule in China. To identify the importance of Marco Polo’s journeys. To describe the fall of Mongol rule in China and elsewhere. Vocabulary: Kublai Khan, Marco Polo

Kublai Khan Conquers China Kublai Khan –grandson of Genghis Khan –Great Khan ruler of entire Mongol Empire –1st foreigner to rule China Yuan Dynasty –1st to unite China in 300 years –open China to foreign contacts –lived most of life in China, not on steppe (Mongolia) capital at Beijing Japan –1274 and 1281 –largest seaborne fleet until WW II

Mongol Rule in China Separation –Mongols lived apart from Chinese –Chinese institutions –Chinese in low govt positions Mongols and foreigners Marco Polo –Venetian trader –encouraged foreign visits Silk Road End of Mongol rule – Chinese rebels (Ming) –Khanate of the Golden Horde 1480 AD

Objectives Assessment 1.Describe Kublai’s conquest of China. –Conquers southern China after 40 years –Founds Yuan Dynasty 2. How did the Mongol’s govern China? –Tolerated Chinese culture; made few changes –Mongols and foreigners in key positions 3. Why was Marco Polo’s journey to China important? –Western look into Kublai’s China; trade 4. What were some of the reasons for Mongol decline in the 1300s? –Kublai’s death; taxing wars; rebellion

Empire of the Great Khan 3 SectionAssessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List seven events that show the impact of Kublai Khan on East Asia. Kublai Khan Improved communication within China and across Asia Conquered China Established a Mongol dynasty (Yuan) Reunited China Failed to conquer Japan Extended foreign trade Fought unsuccessful wars in Southeast Asia

Feudal Powers in Japan 4 SectionAssessment 1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Summarize the main periods and events in Japanese history between the years 300 and Event Two Event One Event FourEvent Six Event Three Event FiveEvent Seven 300 Chinese writings first mention Japan. 500 Koreans bring Buddhist images and scriptures to Yamato court. 600s-800s Japan adopts aspects of Chinese culture. 794 Capital moved to Heian Feudal system develops Yoritomo becomes first shogun and 1281 Japan turns back Mongol invasions.

Chapter 12 Empires in East Asia, A.D. Section 5 Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea

Objectives To describe the kingdoms of Southeast Asia and the influence of India and China. To summarize early Korean history. Vocabulary: Khmer Empire, Anghor Wat, Koryu Dynasty

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia SE Asia Geography –between Indian / Pacific Oceans –tropical, humid climate –mainland south of China –island chain Culture –never unified culturally/politically rivers and straits Political Power –trade routes –harbors

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia Indian Influence –monsoon winds –Hinduism and Buddhism –Sanskrit Chinese Influence –political tribute Khmer Empire CE –Cambodia; main SE Asian power on mainland –dominate sea trade –rice cultivation 3-4 crops annually –capital at Angkor Wat city and temple complexes

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia Sailendra Dynasty –Java; sea trade –Borobudur Buddhist temple Srivijaya Empire –Java, Borneo, Sumatra –wealth via taxing trade –Palembang as learning center Ly Dynasty –Hanoi, Vietnam –expansion via conquest –fought off Mongols

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia Koryu Dynasty CE –isolation –Korea strong Chinese Han influence –govt. modeled after China Confucian civil service –social divisions landed aristocracy = haves all others = have nots –Mongol occupation CE tribute

Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea 5 SectionAssessment 1. List six important kingdoms or dynasties covered in this section, and at least two major accomplishments of each. Kingdom or DynastyAccomplishments Khmer Srivijaya Sailendra Vietnam Silla Koryu Built irrigation system and Angkor Wat Dominated Strait of Malacca; created center of Buddhist learning Prospered through agriculture; built Borobudur Gained independence from China; defeated the Mongols United Korea; developed writing Established civil service; produced celadon pottery