Bio& 241 A&P 1 Unit 2 / Lecture 3. Functional classification of joints (based on degree of movement permitted within the joint) Synarthrosis: Immovable.

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Bio& 241 A&P 1 Unit 2 / Lecture 3

Functional classification of joints (based on degree of movement permitted within the joint) Synarthrosis: Immovable joints a) Sutures = joint between bones in the skull. b) Synchondrosis = epiphyseal plate. –( Hyaline cartilage is eventually replaced by bone). c) Synostosis = epiphyseal line of mature bones. Amphiarthrosis: Slightly movable joints a) Syndesmosis = dense fibrous connective tissue located on the distal or proximal portion of long bones. (eg. distal tibia and fibula, also distal radius and ulna) b) Symphysis = cartilaginous joint (fibrocartilage). (eg. pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs)

Functional classification of joints (based on degree of movement permitted within the joint) Diarthrosis: Freely movable joints c) synovial joints: have a space between the bones called a synovial joint cavity, containing synovial fluid. The joint also has articular cartilage.

Synarthrosis: immovable joints Suture

Synarthrosis: immovable joints Synchondrosis

Amphiarthrosis: Slightly movable joints Symphysis

Amphiarthrosis: Slightly movable joints Syndesmosis

Synarthrosis or Amphiarthrosis? Gomphosis

Diarthrosis: freely movable joints

Structural classification of joints (based on the presence or lack of a joint cavity and fibrous connective tissue) Fibrous Joints NO joint cavity. Fibrous CT hold bones together. Cartilaginous Joints NO joint cavity. Cartilage connects bones together Synovial Joints HAVE a joint cavity, containing synovial fluid, and ligaments which provide extra support. Cartilage is also present.

Fibrous joints

Cartilaginous Joints – Synchondroses: Epiphyseal plate First Rib and Manubrium – Symphyses: Pubic symphysis

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

Synovial Joints

70% of knee injuries involve stretching or tearing the ACL

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