VC221: Tomato. sequencing 1st criteria: Chromosome with NOR vs without with: chromosome 2 2nd criteria: Position of the centromere a) Median chromosomes.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Intro to Genetics.
Advertisements

Lecture 39 Prof Duncan Shaw. Meiosis and Recombination Chromosomes pair upDNA replication Chiasmata form Recombination 1st cell division 2nd cell divisionGametes.
Zhiwu Zhang. Complex traits Controlled by multiple genes Influenced by environment Also known as quantitative traits Most traits are continuous, e.g.
Fall 2014 HORT6033 Molecular Plant Breeding INSTRUCTOR: AINONG SHI HORT6033 web site:
Frary et al. Advanced Backcross QTL analysis of a Lycopersicon esculentum x L. pennellii cross and identification of possible orthologs in the Solanaceae.
Identification of markers linked to Selenium tolerance genes
Coat Color Genetics The Reason Behind Paint Horse Coat Color.
Genetics notes For makeup. A gene is a piece of DNA that directs a cell to make a certain protein. –Homozygous describes two alleles that are the same.
AP Biology F 2 generation 3:1 75% purple-flower peas 25% white-flower peas Looking closer at Mendel’s work P 100% F 1 generation (hybrids) 100% purple-flower.
Chapter 19.3: Genetic Inheritance. Clarification…..  Codominance: a cross between organisms with two different phenotypes produces offspring with a third.
Mendelian Genetics CH 11.
Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
Genetics & The Work of Mendel
A Look into the Process of Marker Development Matt Robinson.
Structural and Functional Genomics of Tomato Barone et al Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicon) – economically important crop worldwide, – intensively investigated.
High-Resolution Fine Mapping and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Analysis of sun, a Locus Controlling Tomato Fruit Shape, Reveals a Region of the Tomato.
Plant breeding aims to produce gene combinations that improve crop yield In plants as in animals sexual reproduction involves a fusion of gametes (sex.
Mendel and the Gene Idea Marie Černá – Gregor Mendel.
 Genes are found on the X AND Y chromosomes.  Genes that are carried on the sex chromosomes are called sex linked genes.
Linked Genes and Polygenic Inheritance. Objectives for Linked Genes 1.Define linkage group 2.Explain an example of a cross between two linked genes 3.Identify.
Zoo-352 Principles of genetics Lecture 3 The cell cycle and its checkpoints.
Making the Intermated B73 X MO17 mapping population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) X B73 Mo17 Single F2 plant was selfed.
Lab Biology Chapter 9 - Genetics Mrs. Nemanic
Meiosis A double cell division to produce sex cells (sperm and egg)
Genetic Mapping Oregon Wolfe Barley Map (Szucs et al., The Plant Genome 2, )
Chapter 12 Chromosomal Patterns of Inheritance. Autosomes Sex Chromosomes Our Genome’s Basic Organization. Chromosomes 1-22Chromosomes X, Y.
VOCABULARY CHAPTER 10 Gene Homologous chromosome Gamete Haploid.
Non-Mendelian Genetics
D. Multiple Alleles – Instead of having two forms of an allele, there are more than two for one gene. i. The best example for humans is blood. There 3.
Jeopardy Genes and Chromosomes Basics
Who is this man?. That was Gregor Mendel, the “Father of Genetics”. He was a scientist and a monk who lived in the 19th century in Austria. He became.
Announcements: Proposal resubmission deadline 4/23 (Thursday).
Experimental Design and Data Structure Supplement to Lecture 8 Fall
The same gene can have many versions.
I. Gregor Mendel A. Mendel performed 1 st experiments in heredity -the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring. B. Mendel’s work founded.
What is a QTL? Quantitative trait locus (loci) Region of chromosome that contributes to variation in a quantitative trait Generally used to study “complex.
GENETICS UNIT SB2 C. USING MENDEL’S LAWS, EXPLAIN THE ROLE OF MEIOSIS IN REPRODUCTIVE VARIABILITY.
Mendel & The Gene Idea Why Mendel Chose Peas? Contrasting traits Contain both sexes (self poliniation) Genetically simple.
7.4 Human Genetics and Pedigrees TEKS 6F, 6H The student is expected to: 6F predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as monohybrid.
CHAPTER 11 Introduction to Genetics. GENETICS & YOU Something to keep in mind as we begin our discussion on genetics… Your traits are a combination of.
Complex Patterns of Inheritance. 1.Incomplete dominance 2.Codominance 3.Multiple alleles 4.Sex linked inheritance 5.Polygenic inheritance.
Essential Question: How can we predict the phenotype that offspring will inherit from their parents? Science 7.
Unit 2 Lesson 4 Heredity Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company *
Mendel and Mendelian Genetics
Copyright © 2001 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Chapter Seven: Extending Mendelian Genetics
Lab Biology Chapter 9 - Genetics Mrs. Nemanic
Genetics Definitions Definition Key Word
Jeopardy Genes and Chromosomes
Complex Patterns of Inheritance
Emergence of Modern Science
Mendel and Meiosis.
KEY CONCEPT Entire genomes are sequenced, studied, and compared.
Introgression of Neandertal- and Denisovan-like Haplotypes Contributes to Adaptive Variation in Human Toll-like Receptors  Michael Dannemann, Aida M.
Introduction to Genetics and Heredity
Vocabulary- use CH 11 to define these terms.
Mendelian Inheritance
Genetics.
Linkage Genes that are physically located on the same chromosome are said to be “linked”. Linked genes are said to be “mapped” to the same chromosome.
Genetics Vocabulary Gene – a location on DNA that codes for a trait; located on both sets of chromosomes Allele – the specific gene that comes either from.
Sequential Steps in Genome Mapping
Phenotype & Pedigrees.
Gene mapping March 3, 2017.
KEY CONCEPT Entire genomes are sequenced, studied, and compared.
Heat map of additive effects for PCs QTL
Wild Card Principles 1 Principles 2 Genotype Phenotype Punnetts &
Fine mapping of SRT1. Fine mapping of SRT1. To fine map the SRT1 locus, we compared the sequencing data and developed a set of InDel markers in the 5 Mb.
KEY CONCEPT Entire genomes are sequenced, studied, and compared.
Introgression of Neandertal- and Denisovan-like Haplotypes Contributes to Adaptive Variation in Human Toll-like Receptors  Michael Dannemann, Aida M.
Presentation transcript:

VC221: Tomato

sequencing

1st criteria: Chromosome with NOR vs without with: chromosome 2 2nd criteria: Position of the centromere a) Median chromosomes 5, 11, 12 (metacentric) b) Sub median all others (sub-metacentric) 3rd criteria: Short arm heterochromatic regions a) A conspicuous cluster of chromomeres compressed together: chromosomes. 3, 4, 6. b) More than 1 cluster of chromomeres: chromosomes. 1, 7, 10. Key for pachytene chromosome identification

Primary trisomicPachytene and diakinesis/metaphase I: 12II+ 1I, 11II +1III Secondary trisomic Pachytene: Isochromosome paired with itself, triradial III Diakinesis/Met I: 11II +ring of III, 12II + 1I (mini ring). Tertiary trisomicDiakinesis/Met I: 10II + 1V Telo trisomicDiakinesis/Met I: heteromorphic III, or tiny univalent Primary MonosomicDiakinesis/Met I: 11II + 1I Tertiary MonosomicDiakinesis/Met I: 10II + 1III, 10II + 3I

LA 1182 sy - sf(3) alb - mua (12) LA1441 coa - c(6) a - hl (11) LA1443 scf - dgt(1) l -al(8) LA1444 wd - d(2) af - tf(5) LA1445 clau-di(4) icn - ag(10) LA1446 var - not(7) ah - marm(9) Tomato Mapping Stocks

Distribution of tomato species Zuriaga et al 2008

L. cheesmanii minor typicum

S. lycopersicon typ: S. cheesmaniae min: S. galapagence S. pimpinellifolium S. neorickii S. chemieleskii S. habrochaites S. pennellii S. peruvianum S. arcanum S. Corneliomuellerii S. huayalasense S. chilense Eulycopersicon (color-fruited) Eriopersicon Green-fruited S. lycopersicoides, S. ochrantum, S. sitiens (based on 6 DNA seq, Adh 2, fw2.2)

Zuriaga et al 2008

Dimeric Monomeric

Esc-pennelli introgression lines Each stock is homozygous for a single chromosome segment (delineated by RFLP markers) introgressed from L. pennellii, such that the entire wild species genome is represented in a group of 50 lines.

Dissection of QTL se2.1(stigma exertion Four loci influencing stamen length (three closely linked) were identified. A single locus for style length was identified (the long style allele was shown to be dominant using esc-penn sustitution lines). A single locus for anther dehiscence was also found in the region. Chen and Tanksley 2004

Fine mapping loci contributing to the se2.1 QTL

Five closely linked genes all contribute to stigma exsertion phenotype. This may be the remnant of a “co adapted gene complex” where linked genes cooperatively contribute to an adaptation, and are inherited as a single unit.

Tomato Genome Sequencing Project

Successful crossUnsuccessful cross S e S e (female) x S 1 S 2 (male) S 1 S 2 (female) x S e S e (male) S e S e (female) x S P S P (male) S P S P (female) x S e S e (male) S P S P (female) x S 1 S 2 (male) S 1 S 2 (female) x S P S P (male) Tomato SI