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Section 1: The United States Section 2: Canada Summary Introduction Section 1: The United States Section 2: Canada Summary Chapter Menu

Certain processes, patterns, and functions help determine where people settle. Studying the cultural geography of the United States and Canada will introduce the peoples of this region—their history, how and where they live, and the reasons behind their choices. Chapter Intro 1

Section 1: The United States What are three factors that have influenced the cultural geography of the United States?  Chapter Intro 2

Section 2: Canada How have immigration and physical geography influenced the cultural geography of Canada? Chapter Intro 3

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The United States What are three factors that have influenced the cultural geography of the United States? Section 1-GTR

The United States immigration megalopolis Underground Railroad dry farming bilingual literacy rate jazz Sunbelt urbanization metropolitan area suburb urban sprawl Section 1-GTR

The United States discrimination expansion amendment Section 1-GTR

The United States A. Los Angeles B. New York City Section 1-GTR

The United States What is the population of the United States today? A. More than 300 Million B. About 200 Million C. Over 1 Billion A B C Section 1

Population Patterns The United States is a country shaped by immigration, with a continually shifting population and densely populated urban areas. Reasons for immigration: Political freedom Religious freedom Section 1

Population Patterns (cont.) Better economic opportunities Fleeing a war or natural disaster The population density of the United States is about 87 people per square mile. Most populated areas: Northeast Great Lakes regions Pacific coast Section 1

Population Patterns (cont.) Least populated areas: Subarctic region of Alaska Great Basin Parts of the Great Plains Over the years, the United States has experienced urbanization, mainly in coastal areas. U.S Population Density Section 1

Which area is one of the fastest-growing in the U.S. today? A. The Great Plains B. The Sunbelt C. The Hawaiian Islands D. The Midwest A B C D Section 1

History and Government Physical geography and a spirit of independence influenced U.S. development. U.S. history has been influenced by: Native Americans European colonization A war for independence The creation of a new government Section 1

History and Government (cont.) Westward expansion Industrial growth Technological change Modern challenges include: Terrorism War Resources and the Civil War U.S Expansion Section 1

Who were the next group of people to immigrate to America after the Native Americans? A. Mexicans B. Canadians C. Europeans D. Asians A B C D Section 1

Culture Immigration has influenced the diversity and culture of the United States. Different aspects of culture in the U.S.: Language—mainly English Religion—mainly Christian Section 1

Culture (cont.) Education—public or private schools are available. Health care—many people cannot afford health care in the U.S. The arts—by the mid-1800s the U.S. started to develop its own form of art, such as jazz. Family life—many families enjoy a high standard of living due to the wealth in the U.S. U.S Population by Age and Sex Section 1

What is second most commonly spoken language in the United States today? A. English B. Chinese C. French D. Spanish A B C D Section 1

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Canada How have immigration and physical geography influenced the cultural geography of Canada? Section 2-GTR

Canada Loyalist Quebecois North American Free Trade Agreement separatism province Inuit dominion Parliament financial eventually Section 2-GTR

Canada A. Maritime Provinces B. Prairie Provinces C. Toronto D. Montreal E. Vancouver F. Edmonton G. Nunavut Section 2-GTR

Canada Canada has how many official languages? A. Four B. Two C. Three Section 2

Population Patterns Canada has a diverse mixture of ethnic groups, densely populated urban areas, and vast expanses of rugged terrain. Immigrants to Canada came for the following reasons: Search for political and religious freedom Economic and educational opportunities Refuge from wars Section 2

Population Patterns (cont.) Average population density is about 9 people per square mile. Most of Canada’s population lives in urban areas: Toronto Montreal Vancouver Edmonton Canada’s Population Density Section 2

How much of Canada’s population lives along the U.S.-Canada border? Section 2

History and Government Canada’s history has been influenced by its French and English roots, a drive for independence, and by immigration. Canada’s history has been shaped by: Great Britain and France feuding over land and government The United States possibly gaining their land Section 2

History and Government (cont.) Native American cultures Immigrants from around the world Modern challenges: The effects of free trade with the U.S. French-speaking Canadians’ desire for independence from the rest of Canada Canadian Explorations Section 2

What type of government does Canada have today? A. A democracy B. A constitutional monarchy C. A socialist government D. No government A B C D Section 2

Culture European, Asian, and Native American cultures have influenced Canada’s cultural diversity. Language—two official languages, English and French. Religion—Christians are the largest group. Education—public and private schools are available. Section 2

Culture (cont.) Health care—the Canadian government helps pay for health care. The Arts—British, French, American, and native cultures have influenced the arts. Family life—Canada is one of the wealthiest countries in the world, so many families enjoy a high standard of living. Canadian Population by Age and Sex Section 2

Who makes up the largest religious group in Canada? A. Muslims B. Hindus C. Buddhists D. Christians A B C D Section 2

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Early History Native Americans are the region’s earliest people. Europeans established colonies in the region. Many Native American cultures were destroyed and people were displaced by European colonization. The thirteen colonies won their independence from Britain in 1776 and created the United States of America. The Dominion of Canada was formed in 1867. Canada became independent from Britain in 1931. VS 1

Population Culture The United States and Canada include various groups of native peoples and descendants of immigrants. The immigrant roots of the United States and Canada contribute to their diversity. The region’s culture has been influenced by Native Americans and immigrants from around the world. Population density and distribution in the region is influenced by physical geography. VS 2

Industrialization and Development Cities in the region developed along waterways. Proximity to natural resources and transportation routes fueled industrialization in the region. Industrialization and technology enabled westward expansion and spurred social change in the region. Prosperous economies have allowed people in the United States and Canada to enjoy high standards of living. VS 3

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immigration the movement of people into one country from another Vocab1

Sunbelt mild climate region, southern United States Vocab2

urbanization the movement of people from rural areas into cities Vocab3

metropolitan area region that includes a central city and its surrounding suburbs Vocab4

suburb outlying community around a city Vocab5

urban sprawl the spreading of urban developments on undeveloped land near a city Vocab6

megalopolis a “great city” that is made up of several large and small cities such as the area between Boston and Washington, D.C. Vocab7

Underground Railroad an informal network of safehouses in the United States that helped thousands of enslaved people escape to freedom Vocab8

dry farming farming method used in dry regions in which land is plowed and planted deeply to hold water in the soil Vocab9

bilingual speaking or using two languages Vocab10

literacy rate the percentage of people in a given place who can read and write Vocab11

jazz musical form that developed in the United States in the early 1900s, blending African rhythms and European harmonies Vocab12

Loyalist a colonist who remained loyal to the British government during the American Revolution Vocab13

province an administrative district or division of a country Vocab14

Inuit a member of the Arctic native peoples of North America Vocab15

dominion a partially, self-governing country with close ties to another country Vocab16

Parliament in Canada, national legislature made up of the Senate and the House of Commons Vocab17

Quebecois a French-speaking inhabitant of Quebec Vocab18

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trade agreement made in 1994 by Canada, the United States, and Mexico Vocab19

separatism the breaking away of one part of a country to create a separate, independent country Vocab20

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