THE DARK SIDE OF THE 1920’S Essential Question: What was the significance of the social and cultural conflicts of the 1920’s? Write Write Write Don’t Write

WARREN HARDIING   Poker & Bathtub Gin  Teapot Dome Scandal  Harding’s Death

Calvin Coolidge   Silent Cal  Keep Cool with Coolidge  The Business of America is Business

Invention of the Teenager  High School Attendance increased 400% from  By % of teenagers attended high school.  Manufacturing & clerical jobs for 16 year olds.  Automobile  Women’s Rights Factors Responsible For: Effect: Generation Gap

THE RED SCARE

Reasons for  Russian Revolution of 1917  “Workers of the World Unite!”  Labor Unions associated with the “Red Menace”  36 Bombs recovered in Wall Street area from  Palmer Raids  Anti-Immigration

National Origins Act of 1924  Quota System  2% of 1890 Census  Kept #s low for eastern & southern Europe  Even lower for Asia

Sacco & Vanzetti  Italian Radicals arrested for murder committed during armed robbery in Massachusetts, 1920  Lack of evidence  Judge Thayer made prejudicial remarks, sentenced them to death

Public Outcry at Verdict  Sacco & Vanzetti convicted & executed  Protests created backlash against Red Scare

PROHIBITION

18 th Amendment Outlaws:  Making, selling, & transporting of alcohol  Volstead Act  Except Medical & Religious Purposes

Effects Positive  Family Violence Decreased  Worker Absenteeism decreased  Bank Savings IncreasedNegative  Bathtub Gin  Speakeasies  Bootlegging  Organized Crime  Political Corruption  Gang Warfare

Golden Age of Gangsters  Chicago, 1925  Al Capone “Scarface”  1929: St. Valentine’s Day Massacre  Convicted of income tax evasion (worth 100 million)

21 st Amendment Repeals Prohibition  1933  Organized Crime continues

SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL

Theory of Evolution v. Bible  John Scopes  Biology Teacher  Dayton, Tennessee  Agreed to challenge Tennessee Evolution Laws for ACLU  Arrested for reading theory to class

Prosecution Vs. Defense William Jennings Bryan vs. Clarence Darrow

Impact  Scopes fined then released  National Media Coverage turns trial into a zoo  Science vs Religious Fundamentalism  Battle Continues Today

KKK

Rebirth of the Klan  1915: Birth of a Nation  New Klan formed in Georgia  Targeted:  African-Americans  Jews  Catholics  Immigrants  Union Organizers  Bootleggers

Wider Appeal of the Klan  Founder William Simmons replaced by Hiram Evans  Popular in rural, small towns  South & Midwest  Religious Fundamentalism  4.5 million members by 1924

Downfall of the Klan D.C. Stephenson, Grand Dragon of Indiana KKKD.C. Stephenson, Grand Dragon of Indiana KKK Convicted of 2 nd degree murder in kidnapping of Madge ObenholtzerConvicted of 2 nd degree murder in kidnapping of Madge Obenholtzer Trial revealed her death by poisoning following rape, assaultTrial revealed her death by poisoning following rape, assault Stephenson expected Gov. Ed Jackson to pardon himStephenson expected Gov. Ed Jackson to pardon him When sent to prison talks about Klan influence in Indiana politicsWhen sent to prison talks about Klan influence in Indiana politics Klan membership drops to under 6,000 by 1930Klan membership drops to under 6,000 by 1930

RACIAL VIOLENCE

Sweet Trial  Dr. Ossian Sweet  Wife & 1 month old baby move to white suburb in Detroit  House attacked by mob  One man shot by Sweet’s brother  Sweet & friends arrested  Found not guilty  Brother found not guilty  Sweet home burned  Sweets move