Behaviour Management Mark Jenkins

Thinking About Teaching Are You Concerned About Behaviour? With a partner Discuss your feelings about the issue of behaviour in school Draw on your own experiences What worries you and what encourages you when you consider your experience and expectations when dealing with children’s inappropriate behaviour Let us share pleasures and anxieties

Remaining the Professional Adult Look after your own self esteem Learn that attacks are not personal Access your skills of behaviour management Make your responses consistent with the shared aims of the class and school Reduce the child’s stress and anxiety Help them to gain control of their feelings At whichever level in school you are experiencing difficulties with behaviour management it is crucial that you work at retaining the adult role. This is particularly difficult while you are training because being challenged in your role as teacher brings out feelings of neediness which make it difficult to remain in an adult role.

QTS Standards [2007] 1.Professional Attributes Q1: Have high expectations of children and young people including a commitment to ensuring that they can achieve their full educational potential and to establishing fair, respectful, trusting, supportive and constructive relationships with them Q2: Demonstrate the positive values, attitudes and behaviour they expect from children and young people Q4: Communicate effectively with children, young people, colleagues, parents and carers Q5: Recognise and respect the contribution that colleagues, parents and carers can make to the development and well-being of children and young people and to raising their level of attainment

QTS Standards 2. Professional Knowledge and Understanding Q10: Have a knowledge and understanding of a range of teaching, learning and behaviour management strategies and know how to use and adapt them, including how to personalise learning and provide opportunities for all learners to achieve their potential Q21(b): Know how to identify and support children and young people whose progress, development or well-being is affected by changes or difficulties in their personal circumstances, and when to refer them to a colleague for specialist support.

QTS Standards 3. Professional Skills Q31: Establish a clear framework for classroom discipline to manage learner’s behaviour constructively and promote their self-control and independence Q32: Work as a team member and identify opportunities for working with colleagues, sharing the development of effective practice with them

The Reality of the Role Gerard Unless you’re prepared to deal with children in all their glory don’t become a teacher. Prospective teachers need to know that children will always test the limits. They should know children will invariably talk out of turn, run rather than walk, daydream rather than listen, test your authority rather than acquiesce meekly… and generally question your every utterance.

Health Warning There are no easy answers, quick fixes or foolproof methods which lead to successful behaviour management. Getting it right has more to do with your ability to plan and deliver effectively, and with a whole school approach to developing self-esteem, than it has to do with children's personalities. 1. Explain own experiences of managing behaviour in school – always looking for some sort of perfect method when it has much more to do with relationships and ethos and responding to individual need 2. Think back to own school days – why were some classes more controlled than others?

Poor Behaviour? What can constitute poor behaviour? What could be the reasons behind each type of behaviour you have identified? Share with a partner. Discuss reasons for poor behaviour and the inextricable link with planning and delivery. Can they think of instances where they know they needed to modify their planning/delivery to engage children more fully?

Difficult Behaviour Might Be Attention seeking disruption Simple non-compliance Talking out of turn Non co-operation in a group or pair Overt rudeness and disrespect to adults and peers Physical abuse Truancy Pupil misbehaviour is any behaviour by a pupil that undermines the teacher’s ability to establish and maintain effective learning experiences in the classroom Studies have shown that the vast bulk of pupil misbehaviour is quite minor in nature.

What Children Need in Order to Behave Well Self respect, high self esteem Respect for others and from others Clear boundaries and expectations Clear rewards and sanctions Consistent responses from adults The chance to redeem themselves

Pupils like teachers who.. Keep order Are fair and consistent Have no favourites Can explain clearly and give help Are friendly and patient London Borough of Waltham Forest, Behaviour Support Pack Conversely a study by Marsh et al (1978) found that pupils don’t like teachers who are boring, who can’t teach, who don’t manage effective discipline and who make unfair comparisons. Takeparticuarl note of the “can explain clearly” point – refer to warning at beginning of lecture

Language, Behaviour and Self-esteem It is often difficult, when we are stressed or annoyed, not to criticise a child. However, with a little practice it is possible to achieve the effect we want in a more positive way. Always try and separate the behaviour from the person. Use the class rules as a reference point consistently when discussing a child’s behaviour with her/him. Your role in developing children’s sense of self esteem is crucial. You can develop their responsibility for their own behaviour through the language that you use. This can be the hardest part of your role development while training and beyond. When our own defences are down we don’t feel positive and this affects our tone and vocabulary with the children. Moving away from a confrontational approach requires considerable time and patience

Work to Repair and Restore Relationships Catch them being good Give children the chance to redeem themselves Be positive about the future Don’t bear grudges and don’t take poor behaviour personally

Managing a Positive Response Turn each of these ‘don’t’ rules in to a ‘do’ rule that has a more universal effect: Don’t talk in class Don’t push when standing in lines Don’t hit, punch or kick others Don’t steal from your classmates Don’t call your classmates names Let’s see how do rules work better than don’t rules. Note how ‘don’t’ rules always have a very narrow focus, whereas ‘do’ rules tend to be more all encompassing and give children a foundation for understanding how to take responsibility for their behaviour. The do won’t necessarily be the exact opposite of the don’t.

Work Within a Framework Why is this important? It enables you to provide clear boundaries and expectations It allows the adult to correct behaviour from the perspective of protecting rights rather than criticising the child personally It supports children in taking responsibility for their own behaviour

Ground Rules for Classroom Rules Docking Classroom rules serve three purposes: To ensure safety and personal welfare To provide effective conditions for teaching and learning To help children develop considerate behaviour and respect for property Let’s look first at those clear boundaries and expectations

Clear Boundaries and Expectations - Classroom Rules Mosley, J. Do be gentle, don’t hurt anybody Do be kind and helpful, don’t hurt people’s feelings Do be honest, don’t cover up the truth Do work hard, don’t waste time Do look after property, don’t waste or damage things Do listen to people, don’t interrupt With these next few slides, we will unpick what each of those things (in previous slide) are; how do we give children what they need in order to behave well? Starting with clear boundaries and a clear set of expectations: I found these worked with young children and have seen them as an effective framework for older children because they start with what we want to see but give the child an explanation of what the converse looks like. These rules are all a part of the Jenny Mosely quality circle time approach. Their purpose is to provide a constant point of reference when you are talking to the children about their behaviour. Talk about use of them in school – need for all staff to be using them as a point of reference.

Charters - An Alternative Approach … Reminder Classroom charters based on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (The Rights, Respect and Responsibility (RRR) approach)

The Essential Parameters All children need routines. Pupils in difficult schools need them even more urgently because their behaviour is so extreme that they need to know that there are reassuring parameters to contain them. Therefore, stick to the basic routines you can enforce. They are vital because they are the symbols of your control in the classroom. By obtaining what you demand in terms of simple procedures you’ll create a situation in which you can do some teaching. Paul Blum

Within school – Key times and places Early morning Children who are late Getting ready for assembly Lining up for assembly Moving around the school Lunchtime/playtimes Wet playtimes Visitors arriving Home time Getting ready for practical activities; changing for P.E., preparing for Art, DT.

‘Getting the Buggers to Behave’ Classroom Routines Video with Sue Cowley Author of ‘Getting the Buggers to Behave’ http://www.schoolsworld.tv/videos/classroom-routines

Reward Systems What have you used or seen in school Did they work? Were there any pitfalls? Were any more appropriate for a particular age group? At what stage should the child be able to complete the activity for the satisfaction and pleasure of doing it rather than a tangible reward?

Rewards and Sanctions A clear system A system that separates rewards from sanctions A system that rewards all children A system that children understand and have invested in A system that is reviewed regularly

Warnings and Sanctions Name the negative behaviour Draw attention to the positive behaviour of others – “Show me how you can…” Offer a choices reminder Use visual warnings after verbal e.g. name on the board followed by a cross We can’t always be so positive that sanctions aren’t necessary. However, sanctions don’t work unless children are given a warning fist and then time to redeem their behaviour. It is always better to try distraction or something supportive before reverting to sanctions. If sanctions become necessary be very clear how you deliver them. Never move straight to a punishment – give the child time to redeem himself and finish the lesson positively. Choices – are you going to choose to follow the lesson or are you going to choose to have your name on the board? One cross may mean something like loss of one minutes of play time and so on. If you are moving towards multiple crosses you are either over-reacting and need to practise ignoring some behaviour, or this child needs a specific programme. However, be aware of the pitfalls of naming and shaming in anyway ay, and the fact that for some children it won’t be the answer. Read/show poem – Adam X by Brian Vince

Video Clip Watch the following clip and identify the strategies used by both teachers. How effective do you think they are in dealing with their children? What would you do to improve the behaviour in these classes? http://www.schoolsworld.tv/videos/managing-behaviour Discuss and be prepared to share your ideas with the group

Improving Schools Research implies that misbehaviour in schools has determinants at three levels: Some individuals are more likely to misbehave Some teachers are more likely to produce higher levels of misconduct Some schools are less able to control student behaviour than others What can the school and teacher do to enable behaviour to be managed? Discuss There will always be some children who find compliance in the classroom difficult Teachers’ classroom organisation and management have a very significant impact on pupil behaviour. Consider those classes you were in at school where teacher’s had less control. Why didn’t you feel like complying? This may be for a variety of reasons. Some simply have more challenging catchments – however, it is dangerous to assume that areas of higher poverty of with a more complex ethnic mix may be more likely to have challenging schools. Pupils’ behaviour is affected by the school’s capacity to anticipate and reduce the risk of misbehaviour at all three of these levels.

Where Schools Manage Behaviour Well Proactive schools which pre-empt and prevent difficulties arising Schools with a strong sense of community Schools with collaborative teachers who share information about pupils Schools that promote pupil autonomy Watkins, C. & Wagner, P. (2000) Improving School Behaviour. London:Chapman Note that none of these points refer to a sanction system. These schools no doubt use sanctions with children, but they are most effective because the children can see why they should behave well in the first place.

Bill Rogers Ensure you read the article by Bill Rogers in the reading pack before you go out on school experience