Buckypaper Shaheen goel M.Tech 2nd sem Roll No. Dated on:

Outlines Carbon Nanotubes. Buckypaper Description Buckypaper Definition Types of Buckypaper Synthesis of Buckypaper Properties of Buckypaper Application Drawbacks Future Scope

Carbon Nanotube • 1959: Richard Feynman’s famed talk. • 1981: Binnig and Rohrer created the STM to image individual atoms. • 1985: Curl, Kroto, Smalley discovered C60. • 1993: Iijima, Bethune discovered single wall carbon nanotubes. • 1998: Cees Dekker’s group created a TUBEFET • Discovered by Sumio Ijima (NEC) in his study of arc-discharge products. Nature, 354, 56 (1991) • Giant Fullerene molecules made of sheets of carbon atoms, coaxially arranged in a cylindrical shape. • SWNT, single-walled nanotube (1 < d < 3 nm.) • MWNT, multi-walled nanotube (d > 3 nm)

Buckypaper Description Buckypaper is a macroscopic aggregate of carbon nanotubes (CNT), or "buckytubes". The idea for buckypaper came when British scientist Harry Kroto and Rice University scientists were attempting to create the conditions found in a star when it forms elemental carbon. It owes its name to buckminsterfullerene, the 60 carbon fullerene (an allotrope of carbon with similar bonding that is sometimes referred to as a "Buckyball" in honor of R. Buckminster Fuller).

Buckypaper Synonyms graphene oxide paper SWCNT bundles thick film of randomly orientated SWCNT bundles

What is Buckypaper? A novel easy-to-handle thin film formed using carbon nanotubes or fibers Composed of single-walled, multi-walled carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers that undergo a repeatable and scalable manufacturing process Extremely thin (~25 microns) and and lightweight (areal density: 0.0705 oz/ft²) Thermally conductive Electrically conductive

High mechanical strength and modulus High strain rate Highly efficient field emission Self-actuation

Buckypaper is a macroscopic ensemble of nanotubes, in which the tubes form bundles and the bundles entangle to a paper like fleece.

Buckypapers

How It’s Made The most common way is to use sodium lauryl sulfate to improve solubility, and filter a suspension under pressure to make the paper. A Frit compression method can also be used without additional substances by compressing a suspension in a syringe. The tubes can be exposed to strong magnetic fields to align them and increase the overall strength. Sheets up to 60 square inches have been produced

Types Single-walled carbon nanotube buckypaper (SBP) Multi-walled carbon nanotube buckypaper (MBP)

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Buckypaper (SBP) Strongest fiber that's ever been made (250x stronger than steel, yet 10x lighter) Electrical conductivity of copper or silicon Thermal conductivity higher than diamond First discovered by Nobel Laureates Bob Curl, Harry Kroto and Richard Smalley Key problems are price and the difficulty of working with them

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Buckypaper (MBP) It combines SWNTs with low-cost multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) or carbon nanofibers (CNFs) to retain most of the excellent properties of SBP while significantly reducing the cost.

Synthesis of Buckypaper

Basic Sythesis Methods The generally accepted methods of making CNT films involves the use of non-ionic surfactants, such as Triton X-100 and sodium lauryl sulfate.  an alternative casting process can be used involving a frit compression method that did not require the use of surfactants or surface modification Aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) growth has been used in CNT film synthesis through the domino effect

Process For Manufacturing Buckypapers Bucky-papers are typically formed by first purifying the CNTs and then dispersing them in a suitable solvent. Once a well dispersed solution is achieved, it is filtered through a porous support which captures the CNTs to form an optically opaque CNT Bucky-paper (Figure 2). If the Buckypaper is thick enough it can be peeled off the support filter intact. As prepared CNTs are highly entangled and typically contaminated with impurities.

These impurities include the metal catalyst particles, such as Fe, Co and Ni needed for CNT growth, as well as other carbonaceous by-products including amorphous carbon, fullerenes, and graphitic nano-particles.

Properties Composed of tube-shaped carbon molecules 50,000 times thinner than a human hair. Buckypaper possesses unique properties enabling it to conduct electricity and disperse heat. Sheets of Buckypaper stacked and pressed together form a composite.  it has a very high thermal conductivity Electromagnetic shielding (EMI) (Cables, Computers, Radios, Planes, general interference). Super capacitors(Buckypaper has great electrical conductivity although it depends heavily on the temperature of the environment).

semi-conductors (Due to buckypapers electrical characteristics, it may one day replace or augment silicon)semi conductors are essential to todays modern computer. The simplest semi-conductor is a simple diode that can either act as an insulator or a conductor. BuckyPaper can be folded, cut with scissors, like notebook paper. We have investigated its mechanical properties after infiltrating the paper with epoxy base matrix phases

Applications Electromagnetic interference shielding Radiation shielding Lightning strike protection Heat sinks Thermal management Electrodes for fuel cells, supercapacitors and batteries Ultra-high strength structures Personal protection: body armor, helmets, armored vehicles Medical devices Flat panel displays Bucky-papers have also been considered for a number of other applications related to filtration and water purification

Drawbacks 1) In may not be good for the environment. 2) The increased glow may increase global warming. 3) expensive 4) making it is very time consuming it take a few days to make a single role of a few meters buckypaper.

Cost Descriptions

Future Scopes Using bucky paper as a therapeutic aid in medical applications  Replacing copper with buckypaper would save weight and fuel. As electrodes for fuel cells, super capacitors and batteries  buckypaper could be a more efficient and lighter replacement for graphite sheets used in laptop computers to dissipate heat, which is harmful to electronics Electromagnetic shielding (EMI) (Cables, Computers, Radios, Planes, general interference). Super capacitors(Buckypaper has great electrical conductivity although it depends heavily on the temperature of the environment).

build planes, automobiles and other things with buckypaper composites.  use in armor plating and stealth technology.

Award-Winning Buckypaper SME Innovations That Could Change The Way You Manufacture Award, 2009 Nanotech Briefs Nano 50 Award, 2008 R&D Magazine Micro/Nano 25 Award, 2007

Refrences http://wikipedia.org http://www.buckypaper.com http://thefutureofthings.com www.reade.com http://www.hindawi.com http://www.azonano.com Carbon Nanotubes buckypaper permeability and prepreg process study by Bryant Marshall click a thesis . A study of nanostructure and properties of mixed Nanotubes buckypaper materials : fabrication, process modeling characterization, and property modeling