Power Point Created by P. Bordas CCC-SLP Biology Interdependence of Living Things Vocabulary Review NYS S4C - LE 1.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 Living things are both similar to and different from each other and nonliving things Explain how diversity of populations within ecosystems relates to the stability of ecosystems Plants and animals depend on each other and their physical environment Explain factors that limit growth of individuals and populations Explain the importance of preserving diversity of species and habitats Explain how the living and nonliving environments change over time and respond to disturbances

Food Chain The path of energy in food from one organism to another Food Web Overlapping food chains in an ecosystem, shows the more complex feeding relationships among produces, consumers and decomposers

Consumer (heterotrophs) eats plants or eats other plant-eating animal, get energy from food made by other organisms Producers (autotrophs) Use sun’s energy to make their own food Includes grasses, trees and algae All food webs begin with producers Includes herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and decomposers

Carnivore eats other animals Herbivore eats plants, algae and other producers Predators Living things that hunt other living things for food Prey Those living things that are hunted Scavengers Feeds on remains of dead animals, meat eater but does not ‘hunt’

Omnivore eats both animals and plants Decomposers Organisms that break down dead matter into substances that producers can use Includes worms, insects, bacteria and fungi All food webs end with decomposers

Green plants and algae responsible for trapping the sun’s energy to manufacture organic compounds to use for their own consumption decomposerscarnivoresproducers

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A group that includes herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and decomposers hostautotrophsheterotrophs

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Include bacteria and fungi that are responsible for breaking down complex structures of the bodies of living things into more simpler forms that can be used by other living things Food webproducersdecomposers

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Heterotroph that survive on plants carnivoreproducersherbivore

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Heterotroph that survive on other animals herbivoreproducerscarnivore

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A food chain is represented below. Grass  Cricket  Frog  Owl This food chain contains: 2 carnivores, 2 herbivores 1 predator, 1 parasite, and 2 producers 4 consumers, no producers NYS Regents – June predators, 1 herbivore, and 1 producer

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In an ecosystem, the growth and survival of organisms are dependent on the availability of the energy from the Sun. This energy is available to organisms in the ecosystem because... All organisms in food web feed on autotrophs Consumers have the ability to transfer chemical energy stored in bonds to plants All organisms in a food web have the ability to use light energy NYS Regents – June 2008 Producer have the ability to store energy from light in organic molecules

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Abiotic features are nonliving parts of the environment Biotic features are living parts of the environment

biotic Parasiticabiotic Soil, water, physical space and energy are all ____________

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Bacteria, plants and animals are all __________________ predatorsabioticbiotic

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Abiotic factors that characterize a forest ecosystem light and biodiversity temperature and amount of available water types of producers and decomposers pH and number of heterotrophs NYS Regents – August 2008

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Ecosystem – all the living and nonliving things that interact in a specific area Biosphere – all of the Earth’s ecosystems Biome – large group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

A decaying log, fish tank, corn field and lake are all __________________________. biosphereshostsecosystems

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The Earth’s ___________ includes all the land, water, and air where organisms live. environmentcapacitybiosphere

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Deserts, shrublands/woodlands, grasslands, forests and ___________ are major biomes. herbivoresuccessiontundra

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Environment – every living and nonliving thing that surrounds an organism Habitat – a species ‘home”, a specific environment

The chair, computer and light coming through the window are all part of your __________________________. biospherefood chainenvironment

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Some familiar ____________ are forests, oceans, and streams. decomposersbiosphereshabitats

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Which factor has the greatest influence on the type of ecosystem that will form in a particular geographic area? Genetic variations in the animals Number of carnivores Percentage of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere NYS Regents – June 2008 Climate conditions

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Which factor has the greatest influence on the type of ecosystem that will form in a particular geographic area? Genetic variations in the animals Number of carnivores Percentage of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere NYS Regents – June 2008 Climate conditions

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