RADIOACTIVE DISCHARGES CONTROL JE Jan Horyna State Office for Nuclear Safety Czech Republic September 2009 Vienna

2 Regulatory Body  State Office for Nuclear Safety (SÚJB) an independent governmental body responsible for governmental administration and supervision in the fields of peaceful uses of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation

3 

4 Legal Framework  Atomic Act (Law No. 18/1997 as amended by the Law No. 13/2002), on peaceful utilization of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation;  Subsidiary decrees

5 Legal Framework  Decree No. 307/2002, on Radiation Protection amended by Decree No. 499/2005  Governmental Decree No. 61/2003, on Indices and Values of Admissible Water Pollution and Requirements as to Waste Waters Disposal to Surface Waters and Sewerages,  etc.

6 Legal Framework () The dose constraint for a discharge of radioactive materials shall be an average effective dose of 0.25 mSv/a for the appropriate critical group of the public, from which 0.2 mSv shall be for atmospheric discharges and 0.05 mSv for liquid discharges () If a collective effective dose might exceed 1 Sv or the exposure in a critical group might exceed 1/20 of the general limits during a radionuclide discharge, the optimisation of radiation protection shall be demonstrated

7 Legal Framework () Materials and objects with the radionuclide content or surface radionuclide contamination exceeding clearance levels may be discharged into the environment under the conditions established in the licence for radionuclide discharge into the environment issued by the SUJB

8 Authorization of Discharges Documentation :  Justification of radionuclide discharges  Characterization and expected activity of discharged material  Time pattern of discharge  Analysis of exposure pathways  Assessment of critical group doses  Discharge limit proposal  Monitoring programme

9 Exposure Pathways from Gaseous Releases

10 Exposure Pathways from Liquid Releases

11 Authorization of Discharges Monitoring Programme  determination of the monitored quantities including the method, scope and frequency of measurements;  reference levels and overview of appropriate countermeasures if reference levels are exceeded;  specification of the methods of measurement;  specification of the instruments used for measurement and their parameters  instructions for the evaluation of measurement results.

12 Nuclear Power Plants ETE EDU

13 Assessment of Gaseous Discharges Monitoring of Gaseous Discharges:  Radioactive Noble Gases  Radioiodine  Radioactive Aerosols Beta – gamma Beta Alfa  Tritium  Carbon-14  Effluent Flow Rate Assessment of doses to the population by approved site specific models (metorology, seasonality, local foodchains)

14 Gaseous Discharges from NPP Dukovany Authorized dose limit : 40 μSv/a

15 Gaseous Discharges from NPP Dukovany

16 Gaseous Discharges from NPP Temelin Authorized dose limit : 40 μSv/a

17 Gaseous Discharges from NPP Temelin

18 Assessment of Liquid Discharges Monitoring of Liquid Discharges:  Tritium  Fission and Corrosion Products  Volume of Waste Water Assessment of doses to the population by approved site specific models (hydrology, seasonality, local food chains)

19 Liquid Discharges from NPP Dukovany Authorized Dose Limit: 6 μSv/a

20 Liquid Discharges from NPP Temelin Authorized Dose Limit: 6 μSv/a