Respiration & Breathing
Respiration What is respiration? It is the release of energy from food substances in living cells.
respiration §Sugar is oxidised to release energy, carbon dioxide and water are formed. §Equation: §sugar + oxygen energy + carbon dioxide + water §(i) sugar comes from food §(ii) oxygen comes from air §(iii) carbon dioxide is excreted thru’ lungs §(iv) energy is used for life processes or lost as heat (keeps body warm).
Breathing system To move air in and out of lungs for gaseous exchange. Gaseous exchange Diffusion of oxygen from lungs into blood. Movement of carbon dioxide from blood into lungs.
Respiration- Wee SC
Breathing System - Nasal Passage nasal cavity voice box windpipe epiglottis
Path taken by air to lungs. 1 Air passes through nasal passages, wind pipes and alveoli.** 2 Wind pipes are kept open by cartilage rings.** 3 Gaseous exchange takes place in alveoli.**
Air Sacs - Alveoli
Respiration- Wee SC The Rib cage How air enters and leaves the lungs Breathing 1 Chest expands to inhale 2 Chest contracts to exhale Is breathing voluntary?
Inhalation
Exhalation
The Rib Cage The Bell jar Compare and Contrast
Composition of air in the lungs
Respiration- Wee SC Experiment to show that exhaled air contains Carbon Dioxide
Respiration- Wee SC Indicator used to test for presence of Carbon Dioxide § calcium hydroxide § (lime water)
To test for presence of Carbon dioxide in Expired air
Respiration- Wee SC Gaseous exchange in alveoli
Pulmonary Circulation
Respiratory System
Air Sacs
Respiration- Wee SC Gaseous Exchange
Respiratory System Return
Respiration- Wee SC Exercise- Breathing Hard
Respiration- Wee SC Recovery period
Respiration- Wee SC Energy
Respiration- Wee SC Respiration in animal and plant
Gills of fish §Fish breathe with gills. §Gills are feather-like structures with a rich supply of blood vessels. §Gills are found under the gill covers of fish. Gill cover
Water enters the mouth of the fish … How a fish breathes in …
Water enters the mouth of the fish … … and flows over the gills. Oxygen passes through the walls of the blood vessels and into the blood. How a fish breathes in … Gills
Carbon dioxide passes through the walls of the blood vessels and dissolves in the water. How a fish breathes out …
Water with dissolved carbon dioxide flows out from under the gill cover. Carbon dioxide passes through the walls of the blood vessels and dissolves in the water. How a fish breathes out …
… through special nostrils called blowholes on top of their heads. Dolphins and whales breathe … blowhole
How do different animals breathe? § Lungs eg. Man, whale, seal, bat, snake, dog, cow § Moist skin eg. Frogs, toads, salamander, earthworm § Gills eg. Fish, tadpole, mudskipper § Breathing tube eg. Wriggler, water stick insect § Breathing holes eg. Ant, dragonfly
My Pals are Here! Science 4B © 2003 Times Media Private Limited Respiratory System in Plants underside of a leaf stoma Plants exchange gases with their surroundings through the stoma. You are reminded that under the Copyright Act, it is an offence to reproduce or copy any part of this presentation without permission from Times Media Private Limited.
At night oxygen carbon dioxide During respiration oxygen carbon dioxide During photosynthesis oxygen carbon dioxide During respiration In the day You are reminded that under the Copyright Act, it is an offence to reproduce or copy any part of this presentation without permission from Times Media Private Limited. My Pals are Here! Science 4B © 2003 Times Media Private Limited
Respiration- Wee SC Which is faster? What does it depend on? Respiration and Photosynthesis