Unit 5 Energy Energy Usage in Agriculture

What is Energy ?  The ability to work

What is a Hydrocarbon?  hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. organic compoundhydrogen carbonorganic compoundhydrogen carbon  found naturally occur in crude oil, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chain crude oilcatenatecrude oilcatenate

Common types of hydrocarbon fuels  Gasoline  Diesel  Natural Gas  Propane  Kerosene  Coal

Another type of energy common to every day life is  Electrical

What is electrical energy used for ?  Lighting and heating homes  Efficient transportation  Modernized irrigation system ( changes in diesel engines to electrical engines)  As a component in internal combustion engines

Nuclear Energy  Heat generated radioactive decay to create steam which turns turbines to drive generators.

Positive Aspects to Nuclear Energy  Less pollution  Cheaper kilowatt cost over a period of time

Alternative energy sources  Biofuel  Biomass  Wind  Solar  Hydropower

Negative Aspects to Nuclear Energy  Heat generated water that has to be cool extensively before re entering the environment  Dangers from radioactive releases  How to properly dispose the wastes

Bio Fuels  Renewable energy from biological sources

Examples of common bio fuels  Bio diesel  Ethanol ( an alcohol product)  Methane gases ( derives from various waste products)

Biomass  Plant matter rich in cellulose  Biomass power- electrical power generated from burning plant matter

Examples of uses for biomass power  Burning of bagasse to create steam to generate energy operate sugarmills  Most common use for biomass is the burning of wood to heat homes and cook.

Wind energy uses  Power of wind used to turn a wind mill to drive pump  Now used to turn turbines to generate electricity

Solar Energy  Conversion of sunlight to electrical energy through the use of solar panels

Hydropower Energy  Moving water used to turn turbines which turns electrical generators  Ex: Toledo Bend Dam

Energy Transformation  Process of transforming one type of energy into another.

Examples of Energy Transformation  Burning a hydrocarbon like natural gas to generate electricity.  Gasoline in an internal combustion engine converting chemical energy into mechanical energy

Internal Combustion Engines  An engine where the combustion happens inside the engine

Examples of Internal combustion engines  Gasoline  Diesel  Propane  Natural Gas ( Methane)  Each engine has modifications due to the types of fuels they use.

 For more information or to view how a propane engine runs, use the below link.

External Combustion Engines  An engine where the combustion happens outside the engine due to an external source of heat.

Common type of external combustion engine  Steam

How it works ?  External heat + water = steam which is pressurized in a boiler. This pressure either turns a turbine or pushes a piston.

Types of energy use to power external combustion engines  Wood  Any Hydrocarbons (often coal)  Nuclear

Common Flaws / problems with Four cycle gasoline engines  Low engine efficiency  High exhaust emissions  Noise pollution

Common Flaws / problems with Two cycle gasoline engines  Shorter service life  Greater emissions than that of the four cycle  Greater noise pollution than that of the four cycle  Lower engine efficiency than four cycle

Common Flaws / problems with Diesel engines  Costly to purchase  Heavier than other gas engines

Common Flaws / problems with Natural gas/ propane engines  Availability of fuels