H⁺ H⁺ CO₂ H₂O H₂CO₃ Wow, that’s a lot of chemical reactions! But how does this make the ocean acidic?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Acids, Bases, and Solutions

Advertisements

Ways to measure Acidity/Basicity What is pH? What is pOH?

Occasionally, a hydrogen atom shared by two water molecules shifts from one molecule to the other. Occasionally, a hydrogen atom shared by two water molecules.

Continuing into the world of acids and bases….  pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration  pH = -log [H + ]  This.

How is pH defined? The pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration. The pH may be represented mathematically, using the.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN H2CO3* AND HCO3-

Chapter 10 Acids and Bases

Net Ionic Equations HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaCl(aq) + H 2 O(l) What really happens: H + (aq) + OH - (aq)  H 2 O(l) Sodium ion and chloride ion are “spectator.

THE CO 2 -H 2 O SYSTEM - I Carbonic acid is a weak acid of great importance in natural waters. The first step in its formation is the dissolution of CO.

Indicators and Hydrogen Ions and Acidity

Acids and Bases- the pH Scale Based on work by K. Foglia

Aim: How to identify acids and bases by using the pH scale? An electrolyte is a substance which, when dissolved in water, forms a solution capable of conducting.

Lesson 3: Ocean Acidification Chemical Oceanography.

PH Scale & Molarity Unit 1: Biochemistry. You must know! How to interpret the pH scale. How to interpret the pH scale. The importance of buffers in biological.

hydrogen ion exponent (pH)

Water Chemistry: pH. pH pH is the measure of hydrogen ions (H+) –Negative logarithm of the H+ concentration Higher the pH, the lower the H+ concentration.

Chapter 19 Acids and Bases.

Ocean Acidification Process GCSE Science. Why study ocean acidification? –The oceans contain 50 times more carbon dioxide than the atmosphere –The ocean.

Changing World Oceans Ocean Acidification © Copyright all rights reserved

Chapter 6: Neutralizing the Threat of Acid Rain Is normal rain acidic? Is acid rain worse in some parts of the country? Is there a way to “neutralize”

And Neutralization. Acidic or basic is a chemical property Mixing them can cancel out their effects or neutralize them But 1st-water ionizes Water molecules.

PH and pOH, Indicators and Buffers Chapter 19. What is pH? pH is a logarithmic measure of hydrogen ion concentration, originally defined by Danish biochemist.

Shipwrecks, Corrosion and Conservation Summary Slides PART 4 – Jack Dengate.

CHEMISTRY Unit 10 Notes: Acid & Base Stuff. (1) Acids Release H+ (hydrogen ions) when they dissociate in water. Common Characteristics: – pH = 0-6 – Indicator.

PH scale & Neutralization Acidic, Basic or Neutral? The answer may just save your life!

Chemistry Notes pH and [H + ] Working with the Arrhenius acid definition, we say that acids produce hydrogen ions: HX  H + + X - And bases produce hydroxide.

Ch. 18: Acids & Bases Sec. 18.3: What is pH?. Objectives n Explain the meaning of pH and pOH. n Relate pH and pOH to the ion product constant for water.

What is pH?. Ion Product Constant for Water  H 2 O(l)  H + (aq) + OH - (aq)  Keq = Kw = [H + ] x [OH - ]  The ion product constant for water (Kw)

How is pH defined? The pH of a solution is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration. The pH may be represented mathematically, using the.

Acids and Bases pH Scale Marine Biology. Warm Up What is the pH scale? What is the difference between an acid and a base? What is neutral? How are enzymes.

Carbon Cycle and Ocean Acidification Inspiration 9 V. Soutar.

Kw, pH, and pOH calculations

PH and Chemical Equilibrium. Acid-base balance Water can separate to form ions H + and OH - In fresh water, these ions are equally balanced An imbalance.

Acid-Base Titration & pH Objectives 1.Describe the self-ionization of water 2.Define pH and give the pH of a neutral solution at 25 o C 3.Explain.

pH, Indicators, and Titrations

Ch. 15 Titration And pH. Ionization of Water _____________________: two water molecules produce a hydronium ion and a hydroxide ion by transfer of a proton.

Acid-Base Notes. Acid- Compound that forms hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water Base – compounds that forms hydroxide ion (OH - ) when dissolved.

Acids and Bases in Solution. Acids  An acid is any substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in water.  Hydrogen ions cause the properties of acids.

Acids & Bases. I. Water pH is neutral A. We know that water is a polar molecule composed of oxygen and hydrogen. B. We also know that water is a great.

NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS Acids and Bases. What is an acid? A compound which reacts to release H+ ions into solution.  HCl  H+ and Cl-

2.3 Chemistry of Water. Properties of Water Water has a high heat capacity.

Strengths of Acids and Bases Integrated Science II.

PH ( power of hydronium ion). The pH scale is a way of expressing the strength of acids and bases. Instead of using very small numbers, we just use the.

NOTES: 19.2 – Hydrogen Ions & Acidity (pH and pOH)

P.Sci. Unit 11 Cont. Solutions, Acids, and Bases Chapter 8.

Acids, Bases and pH Water molecules dissociate Dissociates into OH- and H+ Water is neutral because there are equal numbers of OH- and H+

The definitions of acids and bases have changed over time. Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases: An acid is any substance that adds hydrogen ion (H+)

Acids, Bases, and Salts. pH pH – measure of the concentration of H + ions in a solution or how acidic or basic it is. Scale ranges from 0-14 Strong acids.

CHAPTER 16 Acids and Bases The pH Scale The pH Scale Soil at a high pH makes hydrangea flowers pink Soil at a low pH makes hydrangea flowers blue.

Ocean Acidification source -

Analysis Questions: 1.What does pH measure? the concentration (not “amount”) of hydrogen (H+) ions in a solution. 2.Which pH has the highest concentration.

Acids & Bases pH Scale. pH scale – measures how acidic or basic a solution is pH scale goes from 1 – 14 (acidic to basic) pH of 7 = neutral pH < 7 is.

Acid-Base Titration and pH l Aqueous Solution and the Concept of pH – Hydronium Ions and Hydroxide Ions – The pH Scale – Calculating Involving pH l Determining.

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases An acid is a substance that produces a hydronium ion (H 3 O + ) when dissolved in water.acid Nearly all acid molecules contain one or.

Acids, Bases, and pH.

PH and Living Things.

Bellwork 2/14 Give two specific examples of how studying ocean floor sediments can help us understand ocean mechanics (currents, composition, chemistry,

Ocean Acidification Topics Acids Bases pH Scale Ocean Acidification.

When you hear the term “Carbon Dioxide”, what do you think of?

Water = 2 Hydrogen atoms + 1 Oxygen atom “H2O”

Lesson 3: Ocean Acidification Chemical Oceanography

Acids, Bases, & pH Chapter Menu.

pH Scale Strengths of Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases When water dissociates,

Daily Warm-up Wednesday, October 1st

Solutions and pH Chapter 2.

How does ocean acidification change ocean chemistry?

Solutions and pH Chapter 2.

Presentation transcript:

H⁺ H⁺ CO₂ H₂O H₂CO₃ Wow, that’s a lot of chemical reactions! But how does this make the ocean acidic?

CO₂ H₂O H₂CO₃ Water Carbon Dioxide (atmospheric and aqueous) Carbonic Acid Bicarbonate ion Carbonate ion CO₂

pH review How do we measure the acidity of the ocean? pH measures acidity and basicity on a logarithmic scale ranging from 0 to 14 → A solution with a pH of 7 is neutral, → greater than 7 is basic, → and less than 7 is acidic. NEUTRAL BASICACIDIC What else can you add to the pH scale? We’ll do some experiments in the lab testing pH. What else can you add to the pH scale? We’ll do some experiments in the lab testing pH.

pH chemistry On a chemical level, pH estimates the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. The pH of a solution is equal to the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration in the solution, pH = - log[H⁺] Because this is a negative relationship, an increase in hydrogen ions means a decrease in pH or that the solution is becoming more acidic. H⁺ So a decrease in the pH of the ocean indicates an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration. Lets go back to the carbonate system to understand how carbon dioxide increases the hydrogen ion concentration in the ocean.. So a decrease in the pH of the ocean indicates an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration. Lets go back to the carbonate system to understand how carbon dioxide increases the hydrogen ion concentration in the ocean..

H⁺ CO₂ H₂O H₂CO₃ When carbon dioxide dissolves into the water it can combine with a water molecule to form carbonic acid. Carbonic acid then dissociates into a bicarbonate ion and a hydrogen ion. Bicarbonate ions can also dissociate, releasing another hydrogen ion, further decreasing the pH.

Lets chat online with researcher, Dr. Monica Orellana to find out exactly how much the ocean pH has already changed! How much has the Ocean’s pH really changed? MarineCalcifyingOrganisms Dr.Orellana Dr.MonicaOrellana Dr.Orellana: Hello, marine calcifying organisms! I understand you have some questions about the state of your ocean. MarineCalcifyingOrganisms: Yes, Dr. Orellana! Thank you for chatting with us! Could you tell us how much the pH of the ocean has already changed? Dr.Orellana: Great question. The pH of the ocean before the industrial revolution was 8.2. Currently the pH is 8.1 on average and by the end of the century it is expected to be 7.8. MarineCalcifyingOrganisms: That does not sound like a very big change! Dr.Orellana: Well, because pH is measured on a logarithmic scale, the difference between each unit on the pH scale is a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. So when we say that the pH of the ocean has decreased by 0.11, we really mean to say it is about a 30% increase in hydrogen ion concentration! MarineCalcifyingOrganisms: Wow! I didn’t realize the ocean was already becoming so acidic! Thank you for the information Dr. Orellana! Yes, Dr. Orellana! Thank you for chatting with us! Could you tell us how much the pH of the ocean has already changed? That does not sound like a very big change!Wow! I didn’t realize the ocean was already becoming so acidic! Thank you for the information Dr. Orellana!