LO: I will consider the falsification principle’s effect on religious language Hmk: Read Mark Vernon article on ‘The Via Negative’ before tomorrow’s lesson.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Anthony Flew and A. J. Ayer
Advertisements

The Religious Hypothesis
Is it what I think it is? The contributions of Flew, Hare & Hick.
Religious language: Flew, Hare and Mitchell
Verificationism and religious language Michael Lacewing
Meta-Ethics Emotivism. What is Emotivism? Emotivism is a meta-ethical theory associated mostly with A. J. Ayer ( ) and C.L Stevenson ( )
What do you see? According to logical positivism, do your statements have meaning? What do you see? According to logical positivism, do your statements.
Religious Language Michael Lacewing
Introduction to A2 Philosophy Homework: Background reading – ‘Questions about God.’ – Chapter 4 – God and Language, by Patrick J. Clarke.
Task: Take a look at the following statements: “I am the bread of life” “I am the true vine” “I am the way, the truth and the life” “I am the resurrection.
This is the beginning of the “The Jabberwocky” by Lewis Carrol.
Epistemology revision Responses: add a ‘no false lemmas’ condition (J+T+B+N) Responses: replace ‘justified’ with ‘reliably formed’ (R+T+B) (reliabilism)
OCR training programme GCE Religious Studies Get Started A2 – Effective Delivery of Philosophy of Religion Get started – courses specifically.
Rationality of Religious Belief Introduction to Philosophy Jason M. Chang.
A. J. Ayer and Emotivism Jon Sanders. Sir Alfred Jules “Freddie” Ayer 1910 – 1989 Language, Truth and Logic (1936) Educated: Eton; Christ Church, Oxford.
Religious Language Speaking about God Part 1. Why Religious language? The concept of a God is: Something other Something timeless We talk of things using.
The Verification Principle & Religious Language The Logical Positivists, led by the philosophers of the Vienna Circle and then further developed by A.J.Ayer.
Religious Language  Language is about communication  Religious language is a means of communicating about religion  This can be within three contexts:
This is the beginning of the “The Jabberwocky” by Lewis Carrol.
LO: I will know about Wittgenstein’s views on religious language Hmk: Prepare for tracker assessed presentations Due next Wednesday 1 st There won’t be.
LO: I will know how thinkers have solved the problem of speaking meaningfully about God by making negative statements of what God is not.
David Hume By Richard Jones and Dan Tedham. Biographical Details Born in 1711 in Scotland. Major work: Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (1779) Contains.
LO: I will know about how using language analogically may help to express an understanding of God I will know how an understanding of God may be conveyed.
Epistemology revision Concept empiricist arguments against concept innatism:  Alternative explanations (no such concept or concept re- defined as based.
Is it possible to verify statements about God? The Logical Positivists would say no – God is a metaphysical being and it is impossible to empirically verify.
LO: I will evaluate Hume’s argument against Miracles. Hmk – Prepare presentations for Tuesday’s lesson.
Can religious language be meaningful? Today’s lesson will be successful if you can: Explain the Verification Principle Critique the Verification Principle.
Ayer & the Weak Verification Principle LO’s: 1: To understand the ideas of A.J. Ayer 2: To consider how he developed the verification principle LO’s: 1:
My Philosophy teacher wants to kill me! Ellie: I think Karen is going to kill me. Rosie: She doesn’t seem that bad to me; she never acts like she hates.
Criticisms of Flew Possible responses Hare – religious statements are unfalsifiable and non-cognitive but still play a useful role in life (parable of.
Test 1.Where did the logical positivists meet? 2.Explain the meaning of cognitive and non-cognitive 4.Define an analytic statement 5.Define a synthetic.
A PRIVATE LANGUAGE? Language is about communication and can only take place when two or more people use words and ideas they have in common. We can understand.
Extent to which Challenges to Religious Experience are Valid, including CF Davis
Religious language: the University debate
The Falsification Principle
Challenges to the falsification principle
Religious responses to the verification principle
Verificationism on religious language
Summarise the Verification Principle in 20 words
RM Hare - The Parable of the Paranoid Lunatic
RELIGIOUS LANGUAGE.
Reading material Articles: Tillich on symbols & Aquinas on analogy questions 1. What is art? 2. Does it open up new levels of reality for you? 3. Does.
What was AJ Ayer’s book called?
THEOLOGY AND FALSIFICATION
THEOLOGY AND FALSIFICATION
RECAP Odd one out Match them up 1. Hare 4. Hick 7. Flew 2. Swinburne
Did King Harold die at the battle of Hastings?
Is this statement meaningful?
4 B Criticisms of the verification and falsification principles
The Verification Principle
Philosophy of Religion Revision: Religious Language
RELIGIOUS LANGUAGE.
MITCHELL AND FLEW - OVERVIEW
How did we prove that the world was not flat?
Flying pig spotted in Amazon Jungle…
Think, pair, share A: Explain Hick’s analogy of the celestial city B: Explain Swinburne’s analogy of the toy’s in the cupboard. A: Explain Hare’s analogy.
THEOLOGY AND FALSIFICATION
Discussion: Can one meaningfully talk of a transcendent metaphysical God acting (creating sustaining, being loving) in a physical empirical world? Ayer.
The Falsification Principle
THEOLOGY AND FALSIFICATION
What point is it trying to make?
FLEW AND HARE - OVERVIEW
‘A triangle has three sides’
RECAP Odd one out Match them up 1. Hare 3. Hick 5. Flew 2. Swinburne
On your whiteboard: What is Naturalism?
Religious Language as cognitive, but meaningless
‘Torture is Good’ How does that phrase make you feel?
By the end of today’s lesson you will
What has this got to do with religious language?
A guide for the perplexed (who think it is all meaningless)
Presentation transcript:

LO: I will consider the falsification principle’s effect on religious language Hmk: Read Mark Vernon article on ‘The Via Negative’ before tomorrow’s lesson Starter: What is the difference between the ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ forms of the verification principle? Ayer distinguishes between verifiability ‘in principle’ and verifiability ‘in practice.’ It is not possible, he argues, that all scientific laws could be verified in practice, but that they could in theory.

Eschatological verification Hick claims that propositions concerning the nature of God, or indeed that there is a God, are in principle verifiable – after death – and thus remain meaningful. Hick believes he has satisfied the verification principle because he has thus specified under what conditions religious propositions could be shown to be true.

If I make a factual claim, but nothing could ever disprove my claim, even in principle, then the statement is meaningless. E.g. If your husband or wife claims to love you, what evidence would you accept to prove the contrary? If someone will not accept ANYTHING to disprove their wife/husband loves them, (physical or emotional abuse, unfaithfulness etc) the statement, ‘he/she loves me’ is then to be regarded as meaningless. Flew argues that since religious people will not accept any evidence against their claims, religious statements are meaningless…

Read Kirkwood article – pg 23ff – The invisible gardener

mer.html TASK: STAGE 1 - Research Read handout Make summative notes by answering Q’s 1-4 STAGE 2 – Share Find a partner Check and share Record added detail where need be 1.What did Flew mean by ‘a death by a thousand qualifications?’ 2.What does it mean to say that verification ‘dissolves in its own acids.’ 3.What parable does Basil Mitchell offer? What is the main point? How does this relate to the falsification principle? 4.What did Hare say about ‘bliks?’ 1.What did Flew mean by ‘a death by a thousand qualifications?’ 2.What does it mean to say that verification ‘dissolves in its own acids.’ 3.What parable does Basil Mitchell offer? What is the main point? How does this relate to the falsification principle? 4.What did Hare say about ‘bliks?’

What are your responses to the verification and falsification principles?

Students take the ‘hot-seat’ and answer questions from the class about the topic on Religious Language