Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders [Instructor Name] [Class and Section Number]

Overview – Pt. 1 Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Activity: The Disordered Monologue The Cognitive Neuroscience of Schizophrenia

Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia True or False: 1.Schizophrenia is a rare illness. 2.Schizophrenia is a brain disease. 3.Schizophrenia usually strikes older people. 4.More males than females develop schizophrenia. 5.Schizophrenia is caused by poor parenting.

Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia True or False: 6.Schizophrenia is caused by street drugs. 7.People who have schizophrenia are usually violent and dangerous. 8.People with schizophrenia have multiple or split personalities. 9.Schizophrenia can be successfully treated. 10.People with schizophrenia are developmentally disabled, i.e., they have a low level of intelligence.

Overview – Pt. 1 Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Activity: The Disordered Monologue The Cognitive Neuroscience of Schizophrenia

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia John Nash, mathematicianEugen Bleuler, psychiatrist

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Delusions - False beliefs that are often fixed and hard to change even when the person is presented with conflicting information.

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Types of Delusions  Persecutory  Grandiose  Reference  Thought Insertion

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Hallucinations - Perceptual experiences that occur even when there is no stimulus in the outside world generating the experiences

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Types of Hallucinations  Auditory  Visual  Olfactory  Gustatory  Somatic

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Disorganized Speech Disorganized Behavior

Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Negative Symptoms  Anhedonia  Amotivation  Flat Affect  Alogia

Overview – Pt. 1 Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Activity: The Disordered Monologue The Cognitive Neuroscience of Schizophrenia

Activity: The Disordered Monologue Discussion:  People with schizophrenia’s reactions to others’ perceptions of them?  Seemingly bizarre and meaningless sentences meaningless to them?  Frustrations for someone with schizophrenia trying to communicate with others? Common Disturbances  Loose associations  Neologisms  Perseveration  Clanging  Thought insertion/thought withdrawal  Delusions of being controlled

Overview – Pt. 1 Activity: Quiz about Schizophrenia Phenomenology of Schizophrenia Activity: The Disordered Monologue The Cognitive Neuroscience of Schizophrenia

Problems with cognitive function  Episodic Memory  Working Memory  Processing Speed Cognitive deficits = RISK for schizophrenia

The Cognitive Neuroscience of Schizophrenia  Ventral Striatum  Hippocampus  Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex  Anterior Prefrontal Cortex

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Part 2: Risk Factors & Treatment

Overview – Pt. 2 Risk Factors for Schizophrenia Treatment of Schizophrenia

Risk Factors for Schizophrenia Genetic  No “schizophrenia gene”  Heterogeneous disorder  Genes associated with other mental health conditions

Risk Factors for Schizophrenia Environmental  Problems during pregnancy  Complications at birth  Children born to older fathers  Cannabis use  Urban settings  Minority status

Risk Factors for Schizophrenia Attenuated Psychotic Syndrome – Diagnosis added to DSM-V (Section III) describing individuals who show attenuated (milder) symptoms of psychosis.  Developed recently  Distress/Disability

Elyn Saks

Overview – Pt. 2 Risk Factors for Schizophrenia Treatment of Schizophrenia

Atypical Antipsychotics Typical Antipsychotics

Treatment of Schizophrenia Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET)  Cognitive remediation treatment  Improves cognition & social cognition  Prevents gray matter loss

Appendix A: Symptoms

Photo Attribution Slide 1 & 18 Photo Credit: Marco Castellani Slide 6 Photo Credit: Slide 6 Photo Credit: Peter Badge Slide 7 Photo Credit: Craig Finn _journal.pmed g001.jpg Slide 8 Photo Credit: Tim Shields BC Slide 9 Photo Credit: August Natterer Slide 10 Photo Credit: Slide 11 Photo Credit: Slide 11 Photo Credit: Slide 12 Photo Credit: Wes Washington Slide 17 Photo Credit: Kim J, Matthews NL, Park S Slide 20Photo Credit: Slide 21 Photo Credit: Slide 24 Photo Credit: Slide 24 Photo Credit: Housed Slide 25 Photo Credit: Slide 26 Photo Credit: Slide 27 Photo Credit: John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation