Gross Anatomy of the CNS

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Presentation transcript:

Gross Anatomy of the CNS S.J. Potashner sjp9713@neuron.uchc.edu

The nervous system has distinct areas that are specialized for different (sub)functions. The distinct functional areas have different locations inside the nervous system, and they interact by signaling to one another along networks of cells. These components are organized into sub-systems (usually called ‘systems’) each of which performs specific functions. Many of these ‘systems’ span the length of the nervous system.

GOALS Learn some language of gross anatomy Learn the major subdivisions of the nervous system Recognize the cardinal features of each subdivision Learn the entry/exit points of the peripheral nerves

Anatomic Taxonomy

Anatomical Planes Terms of Direction Median Frontal Sagittal Coronal Medial Lateral Ipsilateral Contralateral Anterior, Rostral Posterior, Caudal Ventral Dorsal Horizontal Axial Superior, Rostral, Cranial Inferior, Caudal

Terms of Direction Dorsal Rostral Caudal Ventral Superior Rostral Inferior Dorsal Ventral Caudal

Spinal cord Human CNS Subdivisions Cerebrum

Rat CNS Subdivisions Cerebrum Cerebrum Cerebellum Spinal cord Thalamus Medulla Pons Midbrain Thalamus Cerebrum

Surface Features: Lateral Cerebrum Longitudinal fissure Rostral Central sulcus Parietal lobe Caudal Frontal lobe Occipital lobe Caudal Rostral Temporal lobe Preoccipital notch Lateral fissure

Surface Features: Medial Cerebrum Rostral Central sulcus Cingulate sulcus Parieto-occipital sulcus Frontal lobe Caudal Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Rostral Caudal Temporal lobe

Surface Features: Thalamus Dorsal thalamus Hypothalamic sulcus Hypothalamus Optic nerve

Surface Features: Midbrain Aqueduct Superior colliculus Inferior colliculus Oculomotor nerve Cerebral peduncle

Surface Features: Pons Pontine protuberance Cerebellum

Surface Features: Medulla

Surface Features: Ventral Brain Stem Olfactory bulb Frontal lobe Olfactory tract Lateral fissure Th Temporal lobe Mi Pons Med Surface Features: Ventral Brain Stem Cerebellum

Spinal Cord Vertebral levels Spinal levels

Surface Features: Spinal Cord