LHC – The Beginnings - The Story of the1964 Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble Paper Phys. Rev. Letters 13, 585–7 Brown University - Celebration of Sakurai Prize May , G.S. Guralnik Note: Some slides from talks given by C.R. Hagen or T.W.B Kibble

But first – A few pictures and words about Now

“Gang of Five” Sakurai 2010

Unfortunately Peter Higgs Could not make the Ceremony. The preceding picture was taken at the APS April meeting - held in February right after the big snow storm.

Multi-media commentary on the LHC and the Standard Model The following clip is from “Angels & Demons” COLUMBIA PICTURES 2009

While Vittoria does not think it matters what the particle is called, Commander Olivetti does! Respectfully, the “Gang of Five” also thinks a name change is in order

In his talk at the “April Meeting Robert Roser introduced a new name for the “God Particle” a.k.a. “Higgs Boson” The BEHHGK particle pronounced Beck particle This reflects all honored by the 2010 Sakurai prize and the order the papers appeared in the same volume of PRL

It might stick Dept. of Physics & Astronomy Rochester, NY May 3 – May 7, 2010 Seminar & Colloquium Calendar (For more information on other seminars & events log on to: ================================================================= ================= Date: Wednesday, May 5, 2010 Event: Physics & Astronomy Colloquium Speaker: Dr. Benjamin Kilminster, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Title: Tevatron searches for the BEHHGK boson Tea: 3:30 pm, Bausch & Lomb Lobby Talk: 3:45 pm, Bausch & Lomb 106 ================================================================= ================= We will use it here - BEHHGK

But now we go back ½ a century! I start at Imperial college London

13 Abdus Salam set up his group at Imperial College in 1956 Kibble joined in 1959

14 Salam was already very interested in a unified description of particle interactions – and believed the answer lay in gauge theories Yang-Mills theory (1954) was also proposed by Ronald Shaw, student of Salam’s – but only published as a Cambridge Univ. PhD thesis (1955)‏

15 But: Goldstone theorem :– spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry in relativistic theory ⇒ massless Nambu-Goldstone bosons, Proof (1962) by Goldstone, Salam and Weinberg (on sabbatical)‏ Was a seemingly insurmountable obstacle to unification Of Weak- Electromagnetic unification. Salam and Ward Made various attempts to do this.

Thoughtful young May, Guralnik and Hagen Next to the Cambridge Electron Accelerator (About 1961) Meanwhile at Harvard and MIT

Now I specifically examine the history and physics of GHK Total.pdf

Now I specifically examine the history and physics of GHK Part one

History and physics of GHK Part two

History and physics of GHK Part three

Perhaps the Behhgk Boson will soon be seen!