DIANE KEARNEY TRISHA PECK DILLON FARRELL Brazil’s Movement Inward

Rio de Janeiro: the Capital City Settled by Portuguese and grew due to gold and diamond wealth Movement from Salvador, Bahia in 1763 Arrival of Portuguese Court and Empire Importance of midway position Dom Pedro I 1891 Constitution and the “Future Federal District”

Future Federal District Support (or lack of) Professor Francis Ruellan and Professor Fabio de Macedo Soares Guimaraes Guidelines o Centrally located o Transportation o Bordering States Reasons for Movement o Increase Nationalism o Federal Government o “Dream City” o Profit

Future Federal District, cont’d Belcher Associates, 1954 Issues Regarding the Movement o Water Supply and Hydroelectric Power o Low-cost Electricity o Effective Communication o All must be better than currently in Rio o Center for population and settlement

Brasília City built Urban Planner: Lucio Costa Cost: $2,000,000,000,000

Reasons for Move Populate Brazilian Interior Transfer federal capitol Develop the Interior Overcrowding Geographical & strategical location

Cont.. Main reason for the move was the desire to spread the wealth, especially in the underdeveloped Brazilian Inland.

Brasília: A New Capital Ex Nihilo: out of nothing Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira (1955) UPGRADE  Expand industry  Huge construction projects  Transportation  Self-contained residential areas Official: 1960 Israel Pinheiro da Silva

Lucio Costa & Oscar Niemeyer Urban planner & city architect (respectively)  Brazilian Pavilion (New York World’s Fair) Intention for Brasília: harmonious design, practicality Plano Piloto Monumental Axis

Culture: Brasília Not walkable Essence in satellite cities Unification Exio Monumental

Questions When was the capital of Brazil moved to Rio de Janeiro? What was the main reason for moving the capital to Brasília? What is the open area in Brasília called where all of the national monuments and museums were built? a. Palácio da Alvorada b. Palácio do Planalto c. Exio Monumental d. Complexo Cultural da República

Sources James, Preston E., and Speridiao Faissol. "The Problem of Brazil's Capital City.“ Geographical Review 46.3 (1956): JSTOR. Web. 16 Oct menopausa/