Lessons from NGIS In South Korea Lessons from NGIS In South Korea Byongnam Choe Haekyong Kang KRIHS

Contents Stages of NI in S. K. Introduction to NGIS in S. K. Examples and Problems of Korean NGIS Lessons from Korean NGIS Concluding Remarks NI : National Informatization GI : Geospatial Informatization NGIS : National Geographic Information Systems

Stages of NI in S. K. NI : National Informatization

Spatial Non- spatial COMPUTERIZATION Hardware Unit task Limited users within department INFORMATIZATION S/W, Data Business process Many users within organization Convergence Information service Inward and outward service Citizen and business 1980s 1990sFirst decade of 21 st :The1 st /2 nd Government Computerization Project -Digitalization of administrative data -Electronic issue of civil service document 2002-:The3 rd /4 th E-government Project -Enforcement of e-government service -Development of ubiquitous computing 2004-:IT 839Strategy -Strategies for developing IT industry : The1 st NGIS Project - Digitalization of spatial data :The2 nd NGIS Project - Informatization based on spatial data - Internet information service to the public :The3 rd NGIS Project - Information service based on spatial data 1989:Road Facility Register(Taegu) 1990 : Water Supply Facility(Gwangju) - Digitalization of spatial data Stages of NI :TheNational Informatization Project -Informatization of business process -Definition of core national service areas 1 st /2 nd 1980s

Introduction to NGIS in S. K.

A few local governments & public organizations used GIS in the early 90’s => Data duplication, difficulty in sharing data Issues such as environment pollution, infrastructure deterioration, natural disaster, and accident => LNG explosions in ‘94.12 and ‘95.4 => Lowered national competitiveness Insufficient technological capability of the private sector => Government-led investments for GIS applications Backgrounds of NGIS

: the 1 st NGIS Master Plan 1995 – 2000 : The creation stage of GIS bases : Enactment of the NGIS Law Projected Investment (billion KRW) : : the 2 nd NGIS Master Plan 2001 – 2005 : The spread stage of GIS applications Projected Investment (billion KRW) : : the 3 rd NGIS Master Plan 2006 – 2010 : The advanced stage of GIS applications : Enlargement from 1 Department to Enactment of the NSDI Law Projected Investment (billion KRW) : 1, : the 4 th NGIS Master Plan Milestones of NGIS Projects 7

Public Informatization Based on GI Application Systems LMIS, UFMIS, KOPSS Public Informatization Based on GI Application Systems LMIS, UFMIS, KOPSS GI Technology Development GIS Tool GI Convergence GI Content Business GI Technology Development GIS Tool GI Convergence GI Content Business Goal of the Master Plan Plan for Individual Project 8 National competitiveness Improved productivity of administrative works/information services for citizens =>better quality of life/new business opportunity National competitiveness Improved productivity of administrative works/information services for citizens =>better quality of life/new business opportunity Framework of NGIS Master Plan Basic environment for Sharing GI Digital Map Standardization Distribution System GI Technology(R&D) Human Resource Training Strategy Researches Basic environment for Sharing GI Digital Map Standardization Distribution System GI Technology(R&D) Human Resource Training Strategy Researches

Digitizing Topographic Maps Rural areas : 1 / 5000 (existing maps) Mountain areas : 1 / (existing maps) Urban areas : 1 / 1000 (new) Production of Digital Map Digitizing cadastral maps and thematic maps Cadastral maps (existing maps) Mountain areas : 1/3000, 6000 Urban and rural area : 1/500, 600, 1000, 1200 Thematic maps (existing maps) Land use : 1/1200 – 1/25000 Geology : 1/25000 Ecology : 1/25000

Examples & Problems of Korean NGIS

Development Tax Real Estate Agent Management Land Transaction Foreigner’s Land Acquisition/Transaction Land Price Management Land management Examples of Public Sector

Land ownership management, Cadastral division/union Examples of Public Sector

Land Price Certificate () Land official document provision service(Example of “One Stop Service”) Land Use Plan Certificate (231,305cases per day) Examples of Public Sector

Examples of Public Sector Underground facility management

Land use planning Examples of Public Sector

Public facility location-allocation Examples of Public Sector

Landscape planning support Examples of Public Sector

2D and 3D navigation services Examples of Private Sector

Providing highway traffic information services Live broadcast Real time online traffic service Examples of Private Sector

SEE ON( Location based on SNS Examples of Private Sector

( Commercial area analysis service Examples of Private Sector

Problems on NGIS Lack of GI sharing between G2G and G2B Sharing topographic map (scale of 1/5,000) created by National Geographic Information Institute Lacking information sharing among agencies with GI Cause of limited information sharing: low quality of GI

Data Inconsistency Between cadastral and topographic map and real world Between cadastral map and topographic map Between among different scale topographic maps -> unavoidable issues due to converting the paper map into digital form Solutions Modify what can be modified Use the remaining ones Resurvey of land registration Period: Subjects: parcel, building, road => Accurate Framework data 23 Problems on NGIS Parcel boundary Real world boundary

Lessons from Korean NGIS

NGIS Policy Mechanism NGIS policy consists of many components which have causal relationship

L 1 : Quality of Shared GI Securing GI and its quality which all of users can be sharable

L 2 : Relationship among Projects Relationship among the projects should be considered when implementing each project for NGIS

L 3 : Governance System Cooperation between the players of each component

L 4 : Bottleneck of NGIS Causal Loop To identify and solve the bottlenecks of the NGIS policy causal loop

L 5 : Integration into e-Government Integration of NGIS into e-government

Concluding Remarks

Change in Paradigm (Analogue => Digital) => Need to change all the existing analogue in to digital form Important to see “forest” and “wood” simultaneously => Need to understand the entire mechanism Remarks

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