The Haganah. Who were the Haganah? Formed from the Hashomer (the Night Watchmen) and the Bar- Giora, who acted as guards for Jewish settlements in Palestine,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Celebrating 60 Years Israel and the American Cyrus.
Advertisements

Israel. Post WWII In 1947 the United Nations proposed dividing Palestine into an Arab nation and a Jewish nation. In 1947 the United Nations proposed.
What do Palestinians and Israelis want? Both want to establish independent states (one Jewish and one Arab) on the same land. Historic ties Kingdom of.
 To  British Mandate—Transjordan in the east intended* as a place for Arabs  Palestine west of the Jordan River—At the San Remo conference.
The Battle for a Jewish State The diplomatic and armed struggle from the end of the war to the Partition decision
Palestine up until 1939 By Hugh, Imogen and Leann.
Part 3 of 3. How was the British Mandate a ‘poisoned chalice’? What was the reaction to Jewish immigration to Palestine? How was the British Mandate a.
PRESENTED BY BRIA CAMPBELL AND TERIK TERRELL PERIOD 7 Palestinian Mandate:
Conflict in the Holy Land Notice of fair use of copyrighted materials Further use is prohibited.
Conflict in Israel. Arab countries vs. Israel Muslim vs. Jewish.
Middle East from WWII and beyond. This conflict begins after WWI, when the Ottoman Empire lost control of the Middle East. The land was divided and European.
Jews believe that GOD gave them the land of Israel
Begins after WWI When Ottoman Empire was divided up The European Countries were given mandate over the land Mandate = control.
“History is a myth agreed upon“ 1897 – beginning of Zionism / 1917 – Balfour declaration / 1920, 1921, 1929 – Arab riots / 1930s – high rise of Jewish.
Chapter 26, Section 4 and Chapter 28, Section 2. During the 1800s, persecution of Jews led to the modern form of Zionism. Zionism is a political movement.
FORMATION OF ISRAEL. Why was the state of Israel formed? Why was geography important in the development of Israel?  Key Terms: Palestine, West Bank,
Israel A Point of Middle East Conflict. Background History of Palestine The area that is Israel today used to be called Palestine. The Jews view Israel.
Emergent Nationalism in the Middle East The Struggle for Stability.
PALESTINE TO ISRAEL. Palestine in History Land between the Mediterranean and the Jordan River Historic homeland of the Hebrews, kingdoms of Israel and.
Zionist Paramilitary Organisations The 'Irgun'. In the Beginning Haganah and the schism Revisionist Zionism Ze’ev Jabotinsky.
Palestine/Israel Timeline
Zionism – a Jewish State and Palestinian Nationalism.
ISRAELI– PALESTINIA N CONFLICT By Jesse Trieu and Austin Turgeon.
Case Study: The Palestinian Refugees. The Modern Mid East  Modern ME is home to various struggles and conflicts…  Terrorism, religious conflict, etc…
Israel a quick overview of Jewish history. According to Judaic scripture, God gave Moses the laws while the Hebrews were on the Exodus from Egypt.
{ The Second World War and the creation of the State of Israel Sarah Leong, Kayle Cleland, and Ebony Harris.
Aim: Why did the world feel it was necessary to create a Jewish homeland? Do Now: Why is it important to have a nationality? HW: Pretend you are either.
Emergent Nationalism in the Middle East The Struggle for Palestine.
 From the late 1890’s, Zionism grew.  What is Zionism?  Zionism – the idea of national Jewish liberation and a return to Palestine  After the defeat.
The Arab/Israeli Conflict. Lecture Analysis Guiding Question: What has caused the conflict between Israel and the Arab countries? Analyze the following.
Land & Religion: Middle East Conflicts © 2011Clairmont Press.
Prince Faisal at Versailles, 1919
Zionism, The Birth of Israel, and the Palestinian Predicament.
Arab Disappointment at Versailles, 1919 The Balfour Declaration incorporated into British Mandate over Palestine. Iraq, Jordan and Palestine all more or.
Origins Graphic Organizer. Historical Anti- Semitism in Russia and Eastern Europe Zionism Gave rise to.
Palestine/ Israel Conflict Grace Chung Becca Guilfoyle Quy Vu.
Zionism-movement (started in 19 th Century) to try to create and develop a Jewish nation in Palestine Supported the state of Isreal since 1948 Persecution-treating.
Working for peace in the Middle East EQ: Why did America get involved in efforts to bring peace to the Middle East (Persian Gulf War)?
The Fall of the Ottoman Empire, Zionism, the Holocaust, & the Birth of a New Country.
Zionism, The Birth of Israel, and the Palestinian Predicament.
Part 3 of 3. How was the British Mandate a ‘poisoned chalice’? What was the reaction to Jewish immigration to Palestine? How was the British Mandate a.
Arab Disappointment at Versailles, 1919 The Balfour Declaration incorporated into British Mandate over Palestine. Iraq, Jordan and Palestine all more.
Things to Know… about the Middle East during and around WWII.
Arab-Israeli Conflict. WHO? Arabs- any member or close relative of any Arabic speaking people (Islam) Palestinians- An Arab living in Palestine (Israel)
Who is involved? Jews Palestinians (Arabs) Ok, but who are they?
Halifax Friends of palestine Welcome to our 2016 Discussion Series: 1.Why Palestine? 2.Why Has the Peace Process Failed? 3.Israel: Apartheid State or a.
THE CONFLICT SO FAR. BOTH SIDES LAY CLAIM TO LAND Both claim descent from Abraham (God promised him this holy land) Both lived there 4000 years ago (Canaanites.
The Palestinian Problem. In AD 72 the Roman Government forced the Hebrews, (the Jews), out of Israel. – This was done in reaction to their defiance.
Arabs had helped the Allied Powers fight the Ottomans during WWI – British officer T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) helped lead the Arab revolt against.
Jews and Palestinians: Two Claims to Palestine. Ancient Palestine Ancient Palestine is the homeland of BOTH Jews and Palestinians Original Jews came around.
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Who’s fighting Israelis = Jews AGAINST Palestinians = Muslims (practice Islam) –Palestinians = Arabs –Palestine = a stateless.
Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
The Haganah The Haganah was first called The Hashomer.
Palestine/ Israel Conflict
David Ben-Gurion I was born in the Polish village of Ploshi in My real name was David Green. In 1906, influenced by my father’s Zionist activities,
Palestine/ Israel Conflict
After World War I, the League of Nations gave the lands of the Ottoman Empire to the British and the French as Mandates (to look after until the people.
Jewish immigration; Suez; Peace Accords
End Four Minutes First Four Chart Date & label your work
What was the Ottoman Empire?
Israel's creation.
A Quick Overview of Jewish History
By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Palestine Partition & War for Israel’s Independence
Israel.
The Start of an On-Going Conflict
The seventh Million The Zionist movement and the Yeshuv during World War II and the Holocaust.
End Four Minutes #4 First Four Chart Date & label your work
Israeli Settlements in the West Bank
Today’s Warm Up Pick up by the turn-in tray. Only complete side 1 – “ Israeli and Palestinian Claims to Land”
Presentation transcript:

The Haganah

Who were the Haganah? Formed from the Hashomer (the Night Watchmen) and the Bar- Giora, who acted as guards for Jewish settlements in Palestine, as an alternative to the Arab watchmen that were predominately in use. The Haganah was formed in 1920 in response to the Arab riots of the same year, as the Jewish leadership feared that they could not rely on the British forces to protect them from Arab aggression. Primary role was to protect the Jewish kibbutzim and communities from Arab gangs, as well as warn Jewish residents of impending attacks. In the period , the Haganah lacked a central leadership and consisted of disparate groups of localized units which did not have any real training or adequate weapons, mainly consisting of local farmers protecting their own lands.

The development of the Haganah Following the 1929 Palestinian riots, the Jewish leaders recognised the ineffectiveness of these separate groups, so sought to streamline the organisation into a united military force. A recruitment drive caused the group to swell in numbers as well as training the youth for future membership. The Haganah also began to receive foreign funding allowing them to buy weaponry to equip their forces as well as developing their own workshops for making homemade armaments.

The Split In 1931, the Haganah divided along ideological lines. The main policy of the Haganah at this point was called Havlagah, (the restraint), whereby the purpose was to defend the settlements from attack and refrain from counter attacks against Arab communities in response to the Arab gangs. There was a growing movement within the Haganah to take a more aggressive stance, they felt that by not counter attacking it was tantamount to doing nothing. This movement went onto form the Irgun Tsva’i- Leumi (National Military Organisation).

The Haganah and the British The relationship with the British was generally to aid the British forces, whilst maintaining the key objective of protecting Jewish National interest. During the Arab Revolt, the Haganah worked with the British establishment to subvert the protestors, gaining important training from British military officers. Following the White Paper, which limited Jewish immigration into Palestine, the Haganah operated the Palmach which was an elite group within the organisation that organized illegal migration of Jews into Palestine. At the same time, they worked alongside British forces against the Axis forces during the Second World War, following the paradigm: “We shall fight the war against Hitler as if there were no White Paper, and we shall fight the White Paper as if there were no war.” This was important in the development of the military capabilities of the Haganah for it provided vital training, especially in leadership skills, that would be critical in turning the Haganah into a conventional army. Following the assassination of Lord Moyne in 1944, the British Minister of State for the Middle East, the Haganah assisted the British in targeting members of Irgun even though it was Lehi who orchestrated the killing.

The Haganah and the birth of Israel The Saison, of the hunting of the Irgun, ended in 1945 when all three paramilitary groups worked in conjunction with one another under the umbrella organisation the Jewish Resistance Movement that co-ordinated their actions to advance the formation of a Jewish state in Israel. As part of the struggle, the Haganah undertook attacks against the British forces stationed and infrastructure whilst continuing to facilitate Jewish migration into Palestine. Following the establishment of the state of Israel on 28 th May 1948, the Haganah along with other paramilitary forces were incorporated into the Israeli Defence force, as Israeli law barred any rival military forces. This disbandment of the Haganah caused unrest among the leadership of the group, which led to the Generals Revolt of 1948.