Use of Functionalized Polyolefins in Plastic Applications John Yun Chemtura Corporation

Contents Value offer Chemistry Applications Examples

Value Offer: Enhancing Performance of Your Polymer Base Polymer PP, PE, EPDM MA, AA, SAN Grafting Chemistry Additive 2~ 10% in compounds Enhanced Performance IMPROVED PROPERTIES: Impact strength Low temperature impact strength Modulus Tensile strength Dispersion Adhesion

Modification Chemistries Product Type Base Polymers Graft Chemistries Graft % POLYBON® PP, HDPE, LLDPE Maleic Anhydride Acrylic Acid 0.2-1.2 6.0

Main Applications of Polymer Modifiers

Building the Bridge btw Filler & Resin COUPLING Improving the adhesion/bonding/interaction of the inert filler and polymer matrix Building the Bridge btw Filler & Resin

Glass Talc Natural Fibers Wood Nanoclay Polybond

Coupling with Polybond Improves the properties such as Strengths Stiffness Toughness Heat Properties (HDT)

Filled Polyolefin: Applications Air filters Electric motor fan Toilet tank flush valve Maytag Dishwasher Cover Pool filters Battery cover

POLYBOND COUPLING GLASS-FILLED PP

SEM’S OF GLASS FILLED PP With POLYBOND Without POLYBOND

30% Glass Filled PP

POLYBOND COUPLING Talc-filled PP

40% Talc Filled PP

40% Talc Filled PP REVERSE NOTCHED IZOD IMPACT NOTCHED IZOD IMPACT

POLYBOND COUPLING Nanocomposites

PP Nanocomposites Effect of Polybond® 3200 Polybond 3200 coupling agent improves the tensile and flexural properties of an organoclay-polypropylene nanocomposite. Samples tested here were prepared by direct blending all ingredients and compounding on a twin-screw extruder. Additional increases in properties are possible using a two step process in which a clay concentrate is first prepared and is then letdown to its final level.

Polybond Applications Wood-Plastics Composites WPC

Market Definition Natural Fiber Filled Plastics Readily available, low cost natural fibers are used at high filler loadings (30 - 85%) in thermoplastics Natural Fibers Wood Flour Wood Fiber Agricultural Fibers/Flours Hemp, Flax, Kenaf, Rice Hulls, Nut Shells Thermoplastics Polypropylene Polyethylene PVC Just read the bullets as they appear * Use arrows to show that wood flour and PP will be the subjects of this presentation

Applications Building & Construction Automotive & Transportation Decking & Docks Railing Systems Interior Trim Automotive & Transportation Interior & Trunk Parts Engine & Transmission Covers The use of natural fiber-filled plastics in construction applications is prevalent in North America. Wood flour is the most widely used natural fiber in these applications. In the automotive market, the Europeans have been quicker to adopt natural fibers like Hemp, Flax and Kenaf as means of conserving resources, reducing weight and saving money.

Polybond Function: Help disperse the wood fiber in the Polyolefin Cause wood fiber to adhere to the Resin Read bullets

40% Wood-filled HDPE Effect of PB 3009 Level on Flexural Properties This slide shows the effect of PB3009, a MA-HDPE coupling agent, on flexural properties. In this study, PB levels of 0. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, and 4.0% were evaluated. Both unaged and moisture aged FS increased with increasing CA level. Unaged modulus was essentially independent of CA. However, modulus retention after moisture aging was better at higher PB levels. Tensile properties showed similar results to the flexural data shown here. Tensile strength before and after moisture aging increased as the CA level increased. Unaged Tensile modulus was independent of PB level but retention of modulus after moisture aging was improved by the coupling agent. Impact properties also increased as the level of the coupling agent was increased. These unaged data can be explained as follows. It is well known that CAs improve interfacial adhesion between fiber and polymer matrix. Modulus measurements are low strain tests which don’t stress fiber-resin interface. Effects of improved interfacial adhesion produced by CA only seen in tests such as flexural, tensile, impact strengths where inelastic flow or fracture take place. Improvements in the properties after moisture aging are related to reduce water absorption which will be shown in the next slide.

Polybond 3029 commercialized for Polyethylene New Coupling Agents Polybond 3029 commercialized for Polyethylene

Characterization Data Product MFI @ 190oC, 2.16Kg MA by Titration Polybond 3009 4 1.0% Polybond 3029 1.65-1.75% Physical forms of PB 3029 Pellets Micropellets (granules)

Formulation: 60% wood-HDPE

Formulation: 60% wood-HDPE

Building the Bridge btw Non-polar & Polar Resins ALLOYING (COMPATIBILIZING) Building the Bridge btw Non-polar & Polar Resins

ALLOYING with POLYBOND PP / NYLON

Polybond Compatibilizers Improves the PP/Nylon blend properties Strengths Stiffness Toughness

NYLON/PP BLENDS Tensile Strength

NYLON/PP BLENDS Flexural Strength

NYLON/PP BLENDS Notched Izod Impact

NYLON/PP BLENDS Reverse Notch Izod Impact

Electrical &Electronic Flame Retardant Fillers Polybond Coupling Agents in non Halogenated Flame Retardant PO Compounds (PE, PP, TPOs) Application Area Wire & Cable Compounds Electrical &Electronic Flame Retardant Fillers ATH (aluminium trihydrate) Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2 Inorganic Fillers Talc, CaCO3, Silica, Kaolin… Polybond addition improves Tensile strength Notched Izod impact Long term heat ageing Moisture sensitivity

PB3039 produces best balance of properties Polybond 3009 and 3039 in 62% ATH Filled HDPE Tensile Property PB3039 produces best balance of properties

PB3039 produces best balance of properties Polybond 3009 and 3039 in 62% ATH Filled HDPE Flexural Modulus PB3039 produces best balance of properties

Aged for 7 days @70C in water Polybond 3009 and 3039 in 62% ATH Filled HDPE Tensile Properties- Hydrolytic stability Unaged Aged for 7 days @70C in water

Polybond 3009 and 3039 in 62% ATH Filled HDPE Tensile Properties- Heat ageing Unaged Aged for 7 days @100 C in air

Notched Izod Impact Strength of 60% ATH Filled LLDPE POLYBOND 3029 in FR PE compound LLDPE = Escorene LL5252 – 52 MFI