Social inclusion: bridging social protection and employment policies CREATING JOBS FOR EQUITY AND PROSPERITY REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL INCLUSION IN SOUTH EAST EUROPE AND TURKEY APRIL 2015, SKOPJE

Social protection legacies and trends Broadly universal in theory - in practice gaps in access, coverage, adequacy and quality SP expenditures – 18-25% of GDP; but lion’s share for pensions and/or ‘captured’ by specific interest groups (war veterans and their families) 0,5-2 % of GDP spent on social assistance/social protection of last resort: low coverage and lack of adequacy Appropriate social services slow to develop in face of new risks and restricted finance

EU poverty and exclusion measurement: exposing weaknesses CountryAt risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) At risk of poverty after social transfers Groups at risk of poverty - age - gender - household type - Labour market status FRY Macedonia50.9 %27.1 %Children 43 % Women 27,5 % HH 2 adults 3+ children 57% Unemployed 48,7% Serbia44.3%24.6 %Children 30% Women 24,3% HH, 2 adults 3+ children 44% Unemployed 48,7% Croatia32.3%20.5 %Older than ,4% Women 21, 6% 1 person HH, women 42,7% Unemployed 42. 9%

Drivers of social exclusionSpecific local conditionsSocial exclusion statusIndividual characteristics interact with in context of …and result in Structures and institutions; values and behavior patterns; policies Drivers are external factors, influenced by legacies, that either speed up or slow down the process of individual vulnerabilities turning into social exclusion (social exclusion risk factors), like poor education, disability, minority status Predominant industry, single or multiple employment opportunities, local infrastructures, history of violent conflict or environmental disaster of the individual in three dimensions— exclusion from economic life, social services, and civic and social participation Social Exclusion Chain

Dimensions of Social Exclusion at the South-East Europe Economic life labour, financial and housing markets Social Services:Participation in civic and social life and networks

Exclusion from employment Exclusion from (formal) employment: lack of income and related insurance based benefits, cut off from social interactions and networks Working poor and informality Different impact on women and men

Exclusion from social services The role of SP and social services: to avoid risks of exclusion to manage/cushion the effects of risks To provide a springbaord back to inclusion Baskets of cash and care Social work practice, case management, tailored and integrated services

Social inclusion policy Transformative role of social inclusion: Design and promotion of innovative social services and advocacy for inclusive and integrated services Supporting groups, and re-shaping public services, policies and legislation Developing social planning (aligning needs and services): area based approaches Achieving optimal welfare mix of providers Anti-discrimination and rights based approahces

Social inclusion interventions: new focus on long term unemployed Renewed attempt by the EC to promote integrated approach to make labour markets inclusive « Preventing and reducing long-term unemployment: through improved efficiency of public employment services, the effectiveness of activation and make work pay measures, and by investing in human capital as well as tailor-made active labour markets policies and integrated social services. » Council Conclusions on "2015 Annual Growth Survey and Joint Employment Report" and on "Inclusive labour markets" (9 March 2015) Call for social casework !?

To consider: Importance of global, regional and sub-regional social policies Social Protection Floor: Minimum income schemes; Child benefits; Social pensions; Basket of cash and social services; integrated and tailored services Evidence-base for policy choices: EU – SILC as a starting point; but more dissagregation based on national assessments of vulnerability, reselience and geographical areas Social impact assessment and policy evaluations: especially of ALMPs

Jasmina. Thank you for attention