STAIRCASES Submitted by: Arpita Choudhury Krati Agrawal Ruchira Gaur

Definition: Construction designed to bridge a large vertical distance, by dividing it into smaller vertical distances called steps. Different parts of staircase: STEP--Tread-Riser BALUSTRADE--Baluster-Handrail- Newel Post

Guide lines for fixing the dimensions Rise (R): 150mm to 180mm Tread (T): 220 mm to 250 mm- for residential buildings. Rise (R) : 120 to 150 mm Tread (T): 250 mm to 300 mm – for public buildings [T + 2R]: Between 500 mm to 650 mm The width of the stair 0.8 m to 1 m for residential building and 1.8 m to 2 m for public building.

Guide lines for fixing the dimensions Contd… The width of the landing is equal to the width of stairs. The number of steps in each flight should not be greater than 12 The pitch of the stair should not be more than 38 degrees. The head room measured vertically above any step or below the mid landing shall not be less than 2.1 m. The height of the balusters should be around 0.75 to 1 m. The space between two balusters should not be more than cm.

Based on shape of plan: Straight staircase“U” staircase“C” Staircase Stair Plans CLASSIFICATION

Stair Plans “L” Staircase Adjustable Staircase

Based on shape Straight stairs Dog legged stairs Open well or open newel stairs Geometrical stairs such as spiral, circular, etc. Free standing stair cases Bifurcated staircase

Straight SC Geometric SC Dog legged SC Bifurcated SC Some photos

Open Well or Newel stair cases I- FLIGHT II- FLIGHT III- FLIGHT LANDING WITH INTERMEDIATE FLIGHTWITHOUT INTERMEDIATE FLIGHT OPEN WELL

Types of staircases based on materials Stainless steel Timber/Wood Glass Iron Aluminium Concrete

Central Carriage Glass SC Concrete Bullnose SC

“U” Shaped SC Helix Spiral SC

Tuscan Staircase Characteristic to the Tuscan style are clean lines and strong visual elements such as steel balusters, cut stringers, with paint finishes that highlight clear- finished treads and continuous handrails. Tuscan stairs were often tiled over concrete. Stepsure Winder System Easier to negotiate than triangular winders Provides a spacious passing point

Victorian Staircase Victorian staircases have a solid architecture style, strong on decoration, with large newel posts, elaborate turnings, and complex tread bracket designs. Elaborate handrail contours and patterns, handrails were often larger (80mm * 60mm) and continuous. Timbers are deep in colour, or are stained to a rich dark finish.

Different Designs of Balusters

Special Staircases: Some examples

Glass Staircases These are made by using stainless steel bars and brackets, and thick glass slabs as treads.

Disappearing Steps They work by having the frame of the stairs slide out from the wall, powered by hydraulic pistons, and having the stair planks fold over the frame one at a time. When finished, the stair frame slides back in the wall and the planks stand straight up, flush against the wall.

Scala Contarni del Bovolo, Venice Spiral staircase used as facade

by Olafur Eliasson, 2004, Munich, Germany. These staircase are not a structural but just an aesthetic element of design Staircase as a Sculpture

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